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Data Centres: Boom and Backlash
14AUG

GPUs now collateral as Nebius borrows $775m

4 min read
10:48UTC

Nebius raised $775m in July against deployed GPUs and one investment-grade customer contract, three and a half months after its auditors gave an adverse opinion on the controls counting those assets. Australia, New South Wales, Taiwan and Gujarat all attached conditions to large loads in nine days. Texas froze its own queue audit, and a 212 MW Edinburgh refusal now goes to a full environmental impact assessment.

Key takeaway

Texas paused its queue-grading process the day three other regulators moved to impose one.

This briefing mapped
Economic
Regulatory
Legal
Infrastructure

Nebius Group raised $775m in July against deployed GPU infrastructure and a contracted cash flow from an unnamed investment-grade customer. Its own auditor had already found the controls counting that hardware ineffective.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Nebius Group told shareholders on 12 August it borrowed $775m in July, its first secured debt deal. It pledged graphics chips and a customer's future payments as collateral, priced 2.50 points above SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), a US benchmark lending rate.

The company also raised its power target to 5 GW by year end. Its auditor also flagged weak controls over fixed-asset accounting, a tension between fast growth and oversight. 

Governor Greg Abbott directed the Texas utility regulator and ERCOT on 3 August to verify and audit every data centre advancing through the state's interconnection process, down to ownership and water use.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Texas Governor Greg Abbott wrote to the state's two grid regulators on 3 August. He ordered a full audit of every data centre seeking to connect to the grid, covering ownership, incentives, and water and power use.

Abbott said projects that fail the state's existing usage survey should be refused grid access. The move could delay hundreds of gigawatts of proposed capacity already waiting in the queue. 

ERCOT suspended its 7 August Batch Zero classification on the day Abbott's letter arrived, and will ask the utility commission on 20 August to excuse the deadline it has now missed.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

ERCOT (the Electric Reliability Council of Texas), which runs most of the Texas power grid, suspended its Batch Zero classification of data-centre projects on 7 August. That was the same day it received Governor Abbott's audit letter, and it will ask regulators on 20 August for more time.

The unaudited queue behind the pause is roughly 205 GW across 326 projects, more than double what ERCOT itself had expected. It shows how fast demand has outrun the state's own planning. 

A Federal Register notice on 4 August opened comment on PJM's Interim Resource Adequacy Service, which would make loads of 50 MW and above curtailable as a condition of connection from June 2027.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The Federal Register published notice on 4 August that PJM (PJM Interconnection), the largest US grid operator, filed a new grid rule. It would make any electricity user drawing 50 MW or more face curtailment from June 2027 unless it brings its own backup power.

The proposal would replace the emergency curtailment orders regulators have used twice this year with a standing rule. Public comments on it close 21 August. 

Shelborn Drummond's planning agent confirmed on 12 August that a full environmental impact assessment will support its appeal against Edinburgh Council's refusal of a 212.42 MW data centre at South Gyle.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Shelborn Drummond's planning agent confirmed on 12 August it will produce a full environmental impact assessment for its Edinburgh appeal. The appeal challenges the council's refusal of a 212.42 MW data centre in South Gyle.

A Scottish Government screening direction overturned the council's own view that no such assessment was needed. That reopened a rejected case and pushed a decision to early September. 

Australia's rule-maker advised energy ministers on 5 August that data centres should surrender renewable certificates against consumption and prove new demand is backed by new firm capacity.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The Australian Energy Market Commission told federal and state energy ministers on 5 August that data centres should buy renewable certificates. The certificates must come specifically from new wind and solar farms, rather than existing generation.

The advice avoids hourly matching, splitting the year instead into peak and off-peak periods. It would also add direct market-operator registration for large centres above a size threshold. 

New South Wales introduced a bill on 5 August letting the state energy minister authorise or prohibit grid access for any facility drawing 5 MW or more, and bill the connecting party for network upgrades.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

New South Wales introduced a bill on 5 August giving its energy minister power to approve or block grid connections. It covers any electricity user drawing 5 MW or more, and it would make developers pay for the network upgrades their project requires.

The 5 MW bar is low enough to catch ordinary colocation halls as well as huge AI campuses. Most data-centre projects in the state will now need direct ministerial sign-off. 

Vantage Data Centers and Nebius said on 13 August that Nebius will take high-density capacity at the CWL1 campus in Newport, the first announced commercial commitment in the South Wales AI Growth Zone.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Vantage Data Centers and Nebius announced on 13 August that Nebius will take high-density computing capacity at Vantage's CWL1 campus in Newport. Nebius is the first named tenant in the South Wales AI Growth Zone.

No power figure was disclosed for the lease itself. Only Vantage's target of more than 1 GW across three Welsh sites is public, making this a symbolic first rather than a confirmed deal. 

Taiwan's Legislative Yuan Economics Committee gave preliminary approval on 5 August to an amendment requiring large power users, data-centre operators among them, to install self-generation or storage at new facilities.

Sources profile:This story draws on centre-leaning sources from Taiwan
Taiwan
LeftRight

Taiwan's Legislative Yuan Economics Committee gave preliminary approval on 5 August to a new energy rule. It would force large electricity users, including data centres, to build their own power generation or battery storage.

Fines would run from NT$150,000 to NT$750,000. Lawmakers left the size threshold for later, so nobody yet knows how many data centres the rule will actually catch. 

Sources:Taipei Times

Gujarat notified a data-centre policy on 7 August targeting 7.5 GW of capacity against a 74 GW installed power base, with subsidies conditional on projects sourcing at least 51% green power.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Gujarat notified its Data Centre Policy 2026-29 on 7 August, aiming for 7.5 GW of data-centre capacity. It offers tax and interest subsidies to projects that source at least 51% green power.

The policy names the Dholera Special Investment Region as its main hub. It is part of a wider race among Indian states to attract AI infrastructure investment with subsidy packages. 

State telecom Antel will build a $70m AI data centre in Canelones, announced after a Council of Ministers meeting, with construction from early 2027 and operation targeted for 2028-29.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Uruguay's state telecom Antel announced a $70m AI data centre for Canelones on 11-12 August, backed by the Council of Ministers. Construction starts in 2027, with about 250 direct jobs expected.

The project is small by global standards, but it is notable for being state-financed and state-sited. That is a different model from the private hyperscaler deals dominating this topic elsewhere. 

Sources:Sahm Capital

Comtel will build a data centre at Figline Valdarno near Florence inside the Ge-Group-led H2-Era Green Valley complex, powered by an 84 MW solar plant and selling waste heat to farms on the site.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Italian data-centre operator Comtel announced, reported 13 August, a new facility near Florence powered by an 84 MW solar plant. The site will also sell its waste heat to nearby farms.

The site sits inside a wider 170-million-euro industrial complex that also plans to produce green hydrogen. That is part of a broader push to pair data centres with renewable power rather than the grid. 

Saudi Telecom subsidiary solutions disclosed a SAR 364m contract with Center3 to build data-centre facility DDC307 in Dammam, an 18-month build booked as a related-party transaction.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Saudi Telecom subsidiary solutions signed a 364-million-riyal (about $97m) contract on 3 August to build an 18-month data centre, DDC307, in Dammam. The customer is Center3, a fellow subsidiary of parent company Saudi Telecom Company.

Because both companies belong to the same parent, the deal is booked as a related-party transaction. It moves capital within one corporate group rather than to an outside buyer. 

Sources:KUNM

Two of the four sponsors of a New Mexico data-centre moratorium briefed an interim legislative committee on 12 August without draft legislation, still unresolved on which facility types it would cover.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Two of the four sponsors behind a proposed New Mexico data-centre moratorium briefed a legislative committee on 12 August. State representatives Micaela Lara Cadena and Angelica Rubio had no bill text ready.

They have not yet decided which types of data centre the moratorium should cover. The plan remains undefined ahead of the state's January 2027 legislative session. 

Closing comments

Direction on the Texas side: up. PUCT's 20 August 2026 meeting decides whether ERCOT gets the deadline exception it has already missed once; a refusal leaves the audit running against an unclassified 205 GW population, the one BloombergNEF says could delay up to $15bn of projects, with no graded reference point. Direction elsewhere: sideways. AEMC's advice and New South Wales's bill both still need a ministerial decision or a passed bill neither has yet had, so nothing in Asia-Pacific tips until the late-October 2026 access-standards determination or the NSW bill clears committee.

Different Perspectives
AI-infrastructure lenders
AI-infrastructure lenders
Lenders priced Nebius's $775m facility at SOFR plus 2.50% against deployed GPUs and an unnamed customer's contracted payments, a spread reported as tight for a first-time secured deal. That pricing treats multi-year AI compute revenue as bankable collateral even where the same company's auditor found its asset-count controls ineffective.
Shelborn Drummond Ltd
Shelborn Drummond Ltd
Shelborn Drummond's agent confirmed on 12 August it will produce a full environmental impact assessment for its appeal against Edinburgh's refusal of the 212.42 MW South Gyle scheme, after a DPEA screening direction overturned the council's opinion that none was needed. Its renewable-supply case must now be evidenced, not merely asserted.
Australian Energy Market Commission
Australian Energy Market Commission
AEMC advised ministers on 5 August that data centres should surrender renewable certificates against actual consumption, prove new demand with new firm capacity, and register as market participants. The advice would turn passive customers into obligated participants inside the market's dispatch and settlement machinery, ahead of an access-standards determination due in late October.
Taiwan's Legislative Yuan Economics Committee
Taiwan's Legislative Yuan Economics Committee
The committee gave preliminary approval on 5 August to a self-generation mandate for large power users, including data centres, with fines up to NT$750,000. It agreed the obligation in principle while leaving the megawatt threshold that defines its reach to later implementing regulation.
Government of Gujarat
Government of Gujarat
Gujarat notified a Data Centre Policy on 7 August offering capital, interest, tax and duty subsidies for projects sourcing at least 51% green power, targeting 7.5 GW against a 74 GW installed base. Where other jurisdictions priced or restricted grid access this month, Gujarat is paying developers to come instead.
Greg Abbott, Texas Governor
Greg Abbott, Texas Governor
Abbott directed PUCT and ERCOT on 3 August to audit every queued data centre's ownership, incentives and water use, saying projects that fail the state's survey should lose grid access. QTS's co-chief executives welcomed the review; Agriculture Commissioner Sid Miller called it too vague and wants a special legislative session instead.