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Iran Conflict 2026
22OCT

Lavrov and Munir visit Tehran in 2 days

3 min read
17:22UTC

Sergey Lavrov and Pakistan's army chief Asim Munir came to Tehran on consecutive days, and Pezeshkian told Munir that sanctions must be lifted before any talks.

ConflictDeveloping
Key takeaway

Tehran now demands sanctions relief before any talks, on top of its earlier call for guarantees.

Russia's foreign minister Sergey Lavrov met Abbas Araghchi, Iran's foreign minister, and President Masoud Pezeshkian in Tehran on Monday 19 October and blamed the war on "unprovoked U.S.-Israeli aggression". Araghchi wrote afterwards: "Never in our history have Iran and Russia worked as closely as now"⁠1. Ten days earlier a Western official told Bloomberg that Moscow was supplying Iran with missiles, which the White House rejected.

Pakistan's army chief, Field Marshal Asim Munir, arrived on Tuesday 20 October. Pakistan is one of two channels, with Qatar, that carry Iran's indirect contacts with Washington. Pezeshkian told him that "before any negotiations, they must first end the pressure and threats and lift sanctions", Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) reported⁠2. Mohsen Rezaei, a former commander of Iran's Revolutionary Guards, wrote that "not a single gram of enriched uranium will be removed from Iran".

On 17 October Tehran's stated condition was credible guarantees against new attacks; sanctions relief before any talks now sits on top of it. On 21 October Araghchi said the indirect talks continue on Iran's September seven-day plan for reopening Hormuz, with Washington seeking extra clauses: "The negotiating table remains in place."

The same day as Lavrov's visit, Tehran summoned Ireland's ambassador, Aidan Cronin, over a European Union statement criticising its crackdown and its Hormuz threats⁠3.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Iran and the United States do not talk directly. Pakistan and Qatar pass messages between them. Russia is friendly to Iran and sent its foreign minister to Tehran. Iran's president now says that before any talks, the United States must stop its threats and lift economic sanctions. Sanctions are penalties that stop Iran from selling oil and using banks abroad.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

Iran's government is split between elected officials who run diplomacy and the IRGC, which runs the war at sea. A precondition stated by the president gives the foreign ministry cover against hardliners who oppose any talks.

Tehran also lacks a guarantor. Russia and China have not offered security guarantees, so Iran asks for relief in advance because it has no third party to enforce a later deal.

What could happen next?
  • Risk

    A demand for up-front sanctions relief makes a quick ceasefire less likely, because it reverses the order of the 2013 interim deal.

  • Meaning

    Pakistan's army chief, not its foreign ministry, is carrying the channel, which ties mediation to Pakistan's military ties with both Riyadh and Washington.

First Reported In

Update #182 · Iran says it mined Hormuz and hit 7 ships

CBS News· 22 Oct 2026
Read original →
Different Perspectives
Wang Yi
Wang Yi
China's foreign minister and Djibouti's issued a joint communique on 21 October saying the war should not reach the Horn of Africa and stressing free navigation through Bab al-Mandeb. The text names neither Iran nor the Houthis, and Djibouti hosts China's only overseas military base, opposite the Yemeni coast.
Ministry of External Affairs
Ministry of External Affairs
India's foreign ministry called the attacks on Saudi civilian and energy sites "unacceptable" on 22 October and said they must stop at once. An Indian died at Dammam, Indians were injured there and at Shaybah, and about 4,000 Umrah pilgrims remain stranded by one MP's count.
Iraq
Iraq
Iraq closed the al-Sheeb crossing with Iran to travellers and trucks from 21 October and said other crossings would close gradually. Unlike September's closure, which ended on a staged timetable, this one has none, and Iran's interior ministry said it received no notice.
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Egypt's president said on 21 October that Cairo's support would "defend Saudi territory, and does not include an attack on Yemen". Araghchi warned that Egyptian involvement would further complicate the situation, and Cairo's limit matches the one Ankara set on 8 October against attacking another state's soil.
UK Ministry of Defence
UK Ministry of Defence
The MoD said on 20 October that RAF Typhoons over Saudi Arabia will not strike the Houthis, but extended tanker support to Saudi operations including against Houthi targets in Yemen. The tanker line sets no limit on strikes, so British aircraft may now refuel Saudi jets on bombing runs.
Turkey
Turkey
Ankara sent the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement to parliament around 20 October, and its published text treats an attack on one party as an attack on all. Article 16 brings it into force only on the last ratification, so the 5 October invocation in Riyadh could not yet bind Turkey.

Written with AI from Lowdown's published reporting. Not individually reviewed by an editor. Editorial standards.