Skip to content
Briefings are running a touch slower this week while we rebuild the foundations.See roadmap
European Energy Markets
29APR

REMIT II live; storage instrument absent

5 min read
11:56UTC

REMIT 2.0 took force on 29 April with ACER's same-day four-document drop, the 40th Gas Regulatory Forum opened in Madrid, and Brussels sent reasoned opinions to Croatia, Poland and Portugal on the very directive built to stabilise consumer prices. TTF closed EUR 44.13/MWh, holding the post-ban band without retesting the 13 April high.

Key takeaway

Regulatory tools arrived on time; consumer-protection legislation and storage injection did not.

This briefing mapped
Loading map…
Regulatory
Legal
Economic
Infrastructure

ACER published four REMIT 2.0 compliance documents on entry day, switching the reporting window from one month to 14 days and adding a position-exposure template absent from the 2014 framework.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

ACER published four compliance documents on 29 April, the day its recast REMIT rules took effect. Trading desks now have 14 days, not a month, to report wholesale energy contracts. A new exposure-reporting template separately forces firms to declare their aggregate position risk, closing a visibility gap that trade-level data alone left open.

The 11 June annual REMIT workshop is the first venue where industry can formally challenge guidance still open to revision, meaning firms comply from day one against rules that regulators can still change. 

Sources:ACER

Spain's CNMC opened the 40th Gas Regulatory Forum in Madrid on 29 April with REMIT 2.0 implementation on the Day 1 agenda, the first venue where industry can probe the recast regulation with the regulator in the room.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources from Belgium
Belgium

The 40th Gas Regulatory Forum opened in Madrid on 29 April, the same day REMIT 2.0 took effect. Spain's CNMC hosts the two-day event; Day 2 on 30 April covers the launch of the Gas and Biomethane Mechanism and a review of the REPowerEU gas import ban. ENTSOG presents its mid-term infrastructure assessment framework alongside the live compliance session.

The Forum is the first place industry can question regulators about the 14-day reporting cliff face-to-face, with ACER in the room. Day 1 communique has not been posted; Day 2 conclusions land 30 April. 

The European Commission issued reasoned opinions on 29 April against Croatia, Poland and Portugal for failing to transpose Directive 2024/1711, fifteen months past the 17 January 2025 deadline and one procedural step from Court of Justice referral.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources from Belgium
Belgium

The European Commission sent formal infringement warnings to Croatia, Poland and Portugal on 29 April for failing to transpose Directive 2024/1711, the EU's electricity market design reform. The deadline was 17 January 2025; fifteen months ago. All three are now one step from referral to the Court of Justice of the EU.

The directive contains the consumer protection instruments; price-stabilisation mechanisms and capacity market reforms; that were supposed to shield households and businesses from exactly the kind of price crisis Europe is currently experiencing. Those protections are not yet law in any of the three states. 

The European Commission issued a reasoned opinion against Hungary on 29 April over MOL's investor-state arbitration against EU member states under Energy Charter Treaty Article 26, the second infringement leg of the same package.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources from Belgium
Belgium

The European Commission's 29 April infringements package included a second Hungary-related action: a reasoned opinion over MOL's use of Energy Charter Treaty Article 26 to bring investor-state arbitration claims against other EU member states. MOL is majority-owned by the Hungarian state.

The proceedings land on a different political baseline than the Orbán era. Hungary's new leader Péter Magyar has pledged closer EU alignment, but the MOL infringement is a structural legal question; about whether a state-controlled company can use an international treaty to sue fellow EU members; that the election result does not resolve. 

France May-26 baseload settled at EUR 21.80/MWh on 28 April against Germany at EUR 77.55/MWh, a EUR 55.75 spread that more than doubles Kpler's January 2025 record on the same calendar product.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

France May-26 power settled at EUR 21.80/MWh on 28 April; Germany's equivalent settled at EUR 77.55/MWh. The EUR 55.75 gap is more than double Kpler's January 2025 record on the same calendar product. The spread is sustained by EDF's nuclear fleet running at its highest output since 2019, and the France-Germany interconnector cannot move enough surplus east to close the price gap.

The window closes in September 2026, when Flamanville-3 enters a twelve-month overhaul . Industrial buyers in Germany are pricing a competitive disadvantage against French peers through Q3; forward sellers of French power past September are pricing a supply buffer the overhaul removes. 

The EU Council adopted the 20th Russia sanctions package on 23 April; the Arc7 maintenance ban entered force 25 April, but the full maritime services ban on Russian crude failed for want of unanimity.

Sources profile:This story draws on mixed-leaning sources from France
France
LeftRight

The EU's 20th Russia sanctions package entered force on 23 April. The Arc7 icebreaker maintenance ban, operative from 25 April, bars six vessels due dry-dock from EU yards across their next maintenance cycle. Forty-six shadow-fleet vessels were added to the port-access ban. A proposed full maritime services ban on Russian crude failed because not every member state agreed.

The Arc7 ban stacks directly on top of the Russian LNG spot contract ban that also entered force on 25 April , creating a compounded constraint on Arctic LNG export capacity; but the failed maritime ban leaves the shadow-fleet circumvention route for crude partially open. 

Bruegel's Week 17 dataset put EU aggregate storage at 32% on 28 April, but the required injection rate to hit 80% by 1 November is roughly 0.25 percentage points per day, and the post-ban week tracked below that pace.

Sources profile:This story draws on mixed-leaning sources from Belgium
Belgium
LeftRight

Bruegel's Week 17 dataset put EU gas storage at 32% on 28 April, up from 31.47% on 25 April. To hit 80% by 1 November, the EU needs to inject roughly 0.25 percentage points per day; a pace the post-ban week tracked below. Bruegel separately flagged that European reverse gas flows to Ukraine dropped sharply in the same dataset, a directional signal absent from wire reporting.

GTS (Gasunie Transport Services) confirmed the Dutch 2026/2027 security-of-supply target at 115 TWh, with state-owned EBN (Energie Beheer Nederland) mandated to fill up to 80 TWh via Bergermeer; which held only 15 TWh of its 46 TWh capacity at end-January. 

EADaily reported, citing Gazprom data, that TurkStream deliveries to Europe fell to 40.3 mcm/day in April, the lowest since June 2025 and a 25% drop on March, with no Reuters, Bloomberg or Interfax corroboration as of 29 April.

Sources profile:This story draws predominantly on Russia state media, with sources from Russia
Russia

EADaily, a tier-3 Russian online outlet, reported on 27 April that Gazprom's TurkStream deliveries to Europe fell to 40.3 mcm/day in April, a 25% drop from March and the lowest since June 2025. Hungary and Slovakia together accounted for 6.4 mcm/day of the decline. The figure has not been confirmed by Reuters, Bloomberg or Interfax.

This is a directional signal only. Interfax's March data showed TurkStream up 21% year-on-year at 1.704 bcm. If the April decline is real, it compounds the operational risk picture already building around the Velebit explosives intercept and the Serbia-Hungary attribution dispute

Sources:EADaily

Ukraine restarted Russian crude flows via the Druzhba pipeline on 22 April after months halted; within hours Hungary lifted its veto on the EUR 90 billion EU-Ukraine loan, with MOL taking first deliveries 23 April.

Sources profile:This story draws on centre-left-leaning sources from Qatar
Qatar

Ukraine restarted Russian crude flows via the Druzhba pipeline on 22 April. Hungary's new leader Péter Magyar, whose Tisza party won the 12 April election, lifted Budapest's veto on the EUR 90 billion EU-Ukraine loan. MOL took first deliveries on 23 April; Slovakia confirmed receipt the same morning.

Druzhba moves crude, not gas, so its restart does not directly change Europe's gas storage picture. The political shift matters: Hungary's previous blocking position on sanctions, loan disbursement and the MOL infringement all sit on a changed baseline. 

Sources:Al Jazeera

The Mubaraz, an LNG carrier loaded at ADNOC's Das Island in early March, reappeared west of India on 27 April after going dark around 31 March, completing the first confirmed loaded LNG transit through the Strait of Hormuz since the war began, with China the destination.

Sources profile:This story draws on centre-left-leaning sources from United States
United States

The Mubaraz, an LNG tanker loaded at ADNOC's Das Island terminal in early March, reappeared west of India on 27 April after going dark around 31 March. It completed the first confirmed loaded LNG transit through the strait of Hormuz since the conflict began, heading for a terminal in China with an estimated 15 May arrival.

Before the conflict roughly three loaded LNG carriers transited Hormuz daily. The JKM-TTF spread; Asian benchmark at USD 16.55/MMBtu against TTF equivalent near USD 14.80 on 28 April; routes flexible Atlantic cargoes east, not west. European buyers watching the Hormuz partial reopening should note: cargoes clear Hormuz toward the highest netback, and right now that is China

Sources:Bloomberg
Closing comments

Three channels carry escalation risk on different timelines. Court of Justice referral for Croatia, Poland and Portugal sits on a late-June or early-July clock if the two-month response window produces inadequate replies; Article 260 TFEU lump-sum and daily penalties are the instrument at that stage, as applied to Greece after the Third Energy Package (2009/72/EC) referral in 2012. The first ACER REMIT 2.0 enforcement action under the 14-day window sets the de facto compliance bar; firms are watching whether ACER signals interpretive flexibility at the 11 June workshop before the first enforcement bite. On storage, a sustained injection pace below 0.25 pp/day through May widens the storage gap by roughly 1.5 pp per fortnight, adding approximately EUR 900 million per fortnight to the Bruegel EUR 26 billion refill estimate at current TTF.

Different Perspectives
ACER / European Commission
ACER / European Commission
ACER published four REMIT 2.0 documents on entry day with no grace period; the Commission simultaneously opened Court referral proceedings against three states for missing the consumer-price directive deadline. Both moves signal Brussels is prepared to enforce on schedule regardless of member-state readiness.
Government of Hungary (Magyar administration)
Government of Hungary (Magyar administration)
Péter Magyar's government, in office since 12 April, lifted the EUR 90 billion EU-Ukraine loan veto within days and allowed Druzhba to restart; but it faces a two-month clock on the MOL infringement and an outstanding decision on the maritime services ban it blocked under Orbán. The formation target is 5 May.
Germany (Bundesnetzagentur / federal government)
Germany (Bundesnetzagentur / federal government)
Germany ran 745 GWh/day in peak injection on 25 April yet remains the anchor market for EU storage; its planned September 2026 hydrogen-ready gas plant auction signals a market-design bet that storage alone cannot cover the winter gap. Industrial buyers face a EUR 55.75 spread disadvantage against French peers through Q3.
Netherlands (GTS / EBN)
Netherlands (GTS / EBN)
GTS confirmed the 115 TWh cold-year target with EBN mandated to inject up to 80 TWh through Bergermeer, which held only 15 TWh at end-January. The state-backstop mandate is price-insensitive, adding a structural demand floor on TTF through the injection season that commercial injectors do not offset.
France (EDF / CRE / RTE)
France (EDF / CRE / RTE)
EDF's nuclear output at a seven-year March high drives the record FR-DE power spread; French industrial buyers gain a EUR 56,000/MW monthly hedge advantage over German peers. The VNU mechanism at EUR 65.90/MWh keeps the domestic floor below German clearing, and the window closes when Flamanville-3 enters overhaul in September.
Trading desks / market participants (REMIT compliance)
Trading desks / market participants (REMIT compliance)
The 14-day reporting cliff operative from 29 April with no simultaneity waiver and no grandfather clause for non-EU intermediaries is the operative compliance burden; the June consultation (ID:2523) still open creates a paradox where firms comply against guidance ACER can revise. The EUR 55.75 FR-DE spread is the trade of the season.