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Drones: Industry & Defence
25JUN

Rezaei hosts Mecca pact chiefs in Tehran

3 min read
14:23UTC

Saudi Arabia's defence minister, Pakistan's army chief and Turkey's spy chief met Iran's security council secretary in Tehran. Each side then told a different story about why.

TechnologyAssessed
Key takeaway

Tehran called the meeting a regional security order; Riyadh called it support for mediation.

On Monday 26 October Mohsen Rezaei, secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council (SNSC), hosted Saudi Defence Minister Khalid bin Salman, Pakistan's Army chief Field Marshal Asim Munir and Ibrahim Kalin, head of Turkey's intelligence service, in Tehran⁠1. President Masoud Pezeshkian also met the delegations. The joint statement says only that "the participants agreed to continue the dialogue to strengthen cooperation among the four regional countries, including for peace and security in the region".

Rezaei said afterwards that "West Asia's security must be based on the countries of the region", IRNA reported⁠2, a line absent from the joint statement. Saudi Arabia described the visit as support for mediation by Qatar and Pakistan⁠3. Tehran's version casts the pact states as partners in a Gulf order without Washington; Riyadh's casts them as couriers.

The three guests speak for the states of the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, the mutual-defence pact Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan signed on 7 August. They invoked it in Riyadh on 5 October after attacks on Saudi Arabia, which the statement did not attribute. Riyadh and Ankara sent security men, not diplomats; their foreign ministers had met Britain, France and Germany in Istanbul three days earlier. Egypt, the fourth state at the Istanbul table, did not come to Tehran.

Munir was back in Tehran six days after Pezeshkian told him sanctions must be lifted before any negotiations.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan signed a mutual-defence pact in Mecca in August. Each promised to help the others if attacked. On 26 October senior security figures from all three went to Tehran to meet Iran's top security official, Mohsen Rezaei. Iran's president, Masoud Pezeshkian, also met them. Their joint statement only said they would keep talking. Iran then claimed the meeting backed security run by the region's own countries. Saudi Arabia said it was there to support peace talks run by Qatar and Pakistan.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

The Mecca Joint Defence Agreement was invoked over attacks on Saudi Arabia. Each attack raises the chance of a clash between pact forces and Iran or its allies, which gives all four states a reason to open a channel between their militaries.

Pakistan carries a particular exposure. It borders Iran, has a large Shia minority, and sits in a pact with Riyadh. Field Marshal Asim Munir returned to Tehran six days after Pezeshkian told him sanctions must go before any talks, which suggests Islamabad's mediation and its pact duty now run through the same man.

Escalation

Flat to slightly downward. The meeting created a direct channel between Iran and three pact militaries but produced no commitment beyond further dialogue, and Houthi missiles were fired at Riyadh the next day.

What could happen next?
  • Meaning

    Iran now has a security channel to Riyadh's defence ministry that does not depend on Qatari or Pakistani mediators.

    Short term · Suggested
  • Risk

    Divergent public accounts from Tehran and Riyadh leave the meeting open to being disowned if attacks on Saudi Arabia continue.

    Short term · Suggested
  • Precedent

    Egypt's absence shows the Istanbul grouping and the Tehran grouping are different clubs.

    Medium term · Suggested
First Reported In

Update #183 · Iran threatens legal action on Sinokor ships

Arab News Pakistan· 29 Oct 2026
Read original →
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Written with AI from Lowdown's published reporting. Not individually reviewed by an editor. Editorial standards.