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Autonomous Systems: Land & Sea
3AUG

Belgium's twelve robots are not autonomous

3 min read
10:02UTC

American Rheinmetall took an 18-month US Army contract on 31 July for hybrid-powered autonomous resupply robots, with no value disclosed. The only multi-vehicle underwater order in the European Union's procurement journal over the same ten days was Belgium's, for twelve vehicles that steer down a cable. Lowdown read the notices at source: sustainment, survey and bomb disposal took the money in this window.

TechnologyNATODRASS
Key takeaway

Ten days of European and American procurement bought sustainment, tethered disposal and survey autonomy, not combat systems.

This briefing mapped
Military
Competitive
Economic

Belgium's defence ministry tendered on 29 July for twelve underwater vehicles steered down a tether by a human operator, for its divers, bomb-disposal service, mine warfare group and special forces.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Belgian Ministry of Defence published TED notice 525183-2026 on 29 July for twelve tethered, human-operated Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicles for its Engineer Divers, the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Service, the Naval Mine Warfare Group and the Special Forces Group, with accessories, spares, tools, documentation and training; no value was disclosed.

The window's only multi-vehicle underwater military order in the EU procurement journal is for remotely operated vehicles, not autonomous ones. 

American Rheinmetall took an 18-month US Army award on 31 July for hybrid-powered autonomous resupply vehicles, with Harbinger, Forterra and Primordial Labs behind it. No value was disclosed.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

American Rheinmetall was named prime contractor on Project Sustainment, an 18-month US Army award executed through the National Advanced Mobility Consortium for hybrid-powered autonomous UGVs built for company-sized element sustainment missions, with Harbinger supplying the vehicle, Forterra the autonomy stack and Primordial Labs the Anura natural-language interface; Rheinmetall disclosed no contract value.

A US Army programme office has put an 18-month clock on buying the ground-robot logistics capability Ukrainian units already run at industrial scale. 

Sources:Rheinmetall

Thales and Exail Technologies signed definitive terms on 30 and 31 July. The tender offer for the rest of Exail's shares is now expected to close by early 2028, later than July implied.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Thales and Exail Technologies signed a definitive combination agreement on 30-31 July, converting the 6 July engaging accord with the Gorge family into binding terms; the mandatory tender offer for the balance of Exail's shares is now expected to close by early 2028, later than the schedule implied in July.

France's single vertically integrated undersea prime will not legally exist until around 2028, a year after the procurement contest it was assembled to win. 

Ocean Infinity said on 30 July that its vessel Needlefish has run round the clock since August 2025 on coastal security work in Kuwait, in heat regularly above 50C. Nobody has audited the figure.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Ocean Infinity said on 30 July that its vessel Needlefish has logged more than 13,000 hours of round-the-clock uncrewed operation since August 2025, on coastal security work in Kuwait in temperatures regularly above 50C; the figure is an unaudited company claim from Joe Robinson, its President of Solutions.

The company is arguing that accumulated operating hours, not demonstrations, are what proves an uncrewed vessel works. 

The ground robot Ukraine dropped by hexacopter behind Russian lines on 19 July was identified this fortnight as the ARK-1, a four-wheel-drive mine-layer tied to the Brave1 cluster.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The platform Ukraine airdropped by hexacopter behind Russian lines on 19 July was identified this fortnight as the ARK-1, a Ukrainian four-wheel-drive UGV tied to the Brave1 cluster, carrying TM-series anti-tank mines and rated to 45km/h; TechRadar corroborated the identification independently of the original Russian Telegram footage, though no source has named its manufacturer.

A Ukrainian platform can reach the front, be filmed and be identified by type long before anyone learns who builds it. 

Sources:TechRadar

Ukraine's 123rd Separate Territorial Defence Brigade has officially confirmed that its operators drove an uncrewed boat across the Black Sea on 13 July and put an armed ground robot ashore on the occupied Kinburn Spit.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Ukraine's 123rd Separate Territorial Defence Brigade officially confirmed this fortnight that its operators guided a USV across the Black Sea on 13 July and landed an armed ground robot on the occupied Kinburn Spit; neither the brigade nor Roboneers named the platform, and every published identification rests on footage analysis.

The operation is now on the record from the unit that ran it, but the platform it landed remains officially unnamed. 

The University of Malta tendered on 31 July for a single uncrewed surface vessel carrying a high-definition bathymetric survey system, under its Maestri Project.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The University of Malta published TED notice 532994-2026 on 31 July for one uncrewed surface vessel with an integrated high-definition bathymetric survey system and an energy-efficient ground control station, under the Maestri Project.

Academic buyers taking survey autonomy off a public tender is where the maritime autonomy market gets its unit volume, one boat at a time. 

The University of Limerick published a call for tenders on 3 August for a coastal and offshore autonomous surface vehicle, hours before this briefing went out.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The University of Limerick published TED notice 533780-2026 on 3 August for the supply and delivery of a coastal and offshore autonomous surface vehicle, the morning this briefing went out.

A second European university buying a single autonomous surface vehicle inside three days, unreported by any outlet. 

Closing comments

Sideways: none of this window's orders commits either side of the tethered-versus-autonomous line, they only confirm it holds under three separate consequence-of-error tests. The mechanism that would move it is whether Kongsberg and DRASS's 2027 AUKUS Pillar II bid closes before Thales completes its Exail integration in early 2028, deciding whether France's single undersea prime enters that contest intact or still mid-merger.

Different Perspectives
American Rheinmetall
American Rheinmetall
American Rheinmetall took the 18-month Project Sustainment prime slot on 31 July, fielding hybrid-powered autonomous resupply vehicles for company-sized element sustainment missions with Harbinger, Forterra and Primordial Labs, without disclosing a contract value. The award tests whether an Army acquisition office can match the production tempo Ukrainian UGV makers already run at industrial scale.
Belgian Ministry of Defence
Belgian Ministry of Defence
Belgium's Ministry of Defence published a tender for twelve tethered Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicles on 29 July, for its engineer divers, EOD service, Naval Mine Warfare Group and Special Forces Group. A human on the boat, not an algorithm underwater, decides what the manipulator touches near live ordnance.
Ocean Infinity
Ocean Infinity
Ocean Infinity's President of Solutions, Joe Robinson, said on 30 July that vessel Needlefish has logged more than 13,000 hours of continuous coastal security work in Kuwait since August 2025, an unaudited company claim. It is commercial security, not mine clearance, and not Omani waters, but the hours logged are real regardless.
Ukraine's UGV manufacturers
Ukraine's UGV manufacturers
Ukraine's UGV manufacturers, Trinity Robotics among them, have already run resupply and casualty-evacuation robots at a scale the US Army's new 18-month Project Sustainment award is only now attempting to match. Every month the American programme spends prototyping is a month a wartime supply base keeps compounding its lead in fielded units.
University of Limerick
University of Limerick
The University of Limerick tendered on 3 August, the morning this briefing published, for a single coastal and offshore autonomous surface vehicle to survey rather than fight. Where Belgium bought certainty on a cable, a research fleet buys endurance and area coverage, because a lost survey mission costs a re-run, not a casualty.
Thales
Thales
Thales converted its 6 July engaging accord with Exail into a definitive combination agreement on 30-31 July, but the tender offer for Exail's remaining shares now closes by early 2028, later than July's timetable implied. Thales integrates its new undersea prime while still bidding against Kongsberg and DRASS's 2027 target for the AUKUS Pillar II contest.