Autonomous Systems: Land & Sea

On 19 May the First Sea Lord set the Royal Navy's autonomy doctrine; eight days later a crewless minehunter docked inside its mothership and sailed toward a potential Strait of Hormuz mission. The IMO adopted the first global code for crewless cargo ships, and Ukraine's appetite for ground robots is pulling European production. Maritime and land autonomy stopped being a procurement line this month and became a posture.