Skip to content
You can now search across every topic, entity and event.What's new
Autonomous Systems: Land & Sea
3JUL

Britain names four robot warship classes

2 min read
10:14UTC

The Prime Minister's Defence Investment Plan commits more than £5bn to autonomy and, for the first time, names four uncrewed Royal Navy classes, Type 91 to Type 94. No numbers, contractors or delivery dates came with them, and the overall settlement landed £13bn below what the MoD had asked for. The real money and tempo moved elsewhere this fortnight: a £6.68m trials contract for the CETUS submarine and Ukraine codifying 50 new robot models in six months.

Key takeaway

Britain named its robot fleet this fortnight; the contracted money moved on a trial and in Ukraine's war.

This briefing mapped
Loading map…
Military
Competitive
Regulatory

The Prime Minister's Defence Investment Plan committed more than £5bn to autonomy on 30 June and named Type 91 to Type 94, the first uncrewed platforms written into the Royal Navy's formal class list.

Sources profile:This story draws on centre-right-leaning sources from United States
United States

Britain's Defence Investment Plan committed more than £5bn to autonomy on 30 June 2026. It named four uncrewed Royal Navy classes, Type 91 to Type 94, the first robot warships in the fleet's formal structure.

No quantities, contractors or in-service dates came with them. The £5bn sits inside a £15bn settlement, roughly £13bn below what the Ministry of Defence had sought. 

Sources:GOV.UK·Breaking Defense
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

The Submarine Delivery Agency awarded M Subs £6.68m on 24 June to trial XV Excalibur, the largest uncrewed underwater vessel the Royal Navy has put in the water.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

The Submarine Delivery Agency awarded Plymouth's M Subs £6,680,147 on 24 June 2026. The contract runs to 1 May 2028 to trial XV Excalibur, a 12-metre, 19-tonne uncrewed underwater vehicle.

At 19 tonnes it is the largest such vessel the Royal Navy has trialled. It is also the only funded subsea contract of the fortnight, against a £5bn plan. 

Sources:The Defense Post
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

ARX Robotics of Munich and Ukraine's Roboneers founded ARX Industries at the Gdansk recovery conference on 25 June to build the Rys Pro ground robot in both countries.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

ARX Robotics of Munich and Ukraine's Roboneers founded a joint venture, ARX Industries, in Gdansk on 25 June 2026. It will build the Rys Pro modular ground robot in both Germany and Ukraine.

Stated year-one capacity runs to several thousand units. That is a firmer commitment than the letters of intent signed at Eurosatory a fortnight earlier. 

Sources:Grosswald
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

The same plan confirmed at least six Common Combat Vessels, recast as drone-control hubs, in place of the Type 83 destroyer the Royal Navy had been expected to buy.

The same plan confirmed at least six Common Combat Vessels on 30 June 2026. They replace the cancelled Type 83 destroyer, recast as control hubs for aerial, surface and underwater drones.

For shipbuilders the requirement shifts from a top-end warship to a mothership for robots. That changes which contractors and combat systems a future Royal Navy competition rewards. 

Sources:GOV.UK
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

Ukraine's defence ministry approved 50 new ground-robot models in the first half of 2026, against 60 for all of last year, the confirmable measure of a programme moving faster than its disputed unit targets.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources

Ukraine's Ministry of Defence codified 50 new ground-robot models in the first half of 2026, against 60 for all of 2025. Its Defence Procurement Agency signed 19 manufacturer contracts worth UAH11bn, about $250m.

Ground robots ran more than 21,500 logistics and evacuation missions in the first quarter. That wartime tempo is the pace European makers are building capacity to match. 

Sources:lb.ua
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

The IMO's global code for crewless ships took effect on 1 July, but its working framework was pushed to December, leaving operators with a milestone and little else.

Sources profile:This story draws on neutral-leaning sources
1 GOV.UK2 Breaking Defense3 GOV.UK4 The Defense Post5 Grosswald6 lb.ua7 International Maritime Organization8 Maritime and Coastguard Agency (GOV.UK)9 Sputnik (Chinese edition)

AI-assisted, human-edited under the editorial responsibility of Bannermedia Ltd. Reviewed by Ed Woodcock on 3 July 2026. Editorial standards.

Different Perspectives
United Kingdom (Ministry of Defence and Royal Navy)
United Kingdom (Ministry of Defence and Royal Navy)
The government named Type 91 to Type 94 and committed over £5bn to autonomy, casting uncrewed systems as core Royal Navy fleet units. Naming the classes gives industry a requirement to plan against, though the plan attached no numbers, contractors or dates.
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine codified 50 new ground-robot models in six months and its procurement agency signed 19 manufacturer contracts worth UAH11bn. The wartime validation tempo, not any single unit target, is the pace European makers are now building to match.
China (military commentary)
China (military commentary)
Chinese commentary called uncrewed maritime equipment an excellent force multiplier that cannot overturn the fundamental logic of naval warfare. It is the one voice against the Western consensus that autonomy is the central axis of naval modernisation.
Nautilus International
Nautilus International
Nautilus International pressed the unresolved liability gaps as the MASS Code entered force, noting a master stays legally responsible without saying who answers when ashore. Entry into force changed nothing an operator may legally do, leaving the seafarer-displacement question open.