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Hengaw
OrganisationNO

Hengaw

Norway-based Kurdish human rights organisation; the principal independent casualty monitor for Iran's 2026 conflict.

Hengaw, the Norway-based Kurdish rights monitor, has become Iran's principal independent execution and casualty register during the 2026 war, on 2 August logging 67 executions in July against a state figure of eight.

Last refreshed: 6 August 2026 · Appears in 1 active topic

Key Question

What is Iran's real execution pace during the war, and who is counting?

Timeline for Hengaw

#174 20 Aug

Recorded the execution separately from HRANA

Iran Conflict 2026: Iran executes a fifth Isfahan defendant
#170 12 Aug

Counted 67 executions in July alone

Iran Conflict 2026: Three execution counts and no agreement
#166 3 Aug

Reported the executions and the torture allegations behind the confessions

Iran Conflict 2026: Two hanged at Urmia as wartime spies
#165 1 Aug

Published the July execution count

Iran Conflict 2026: Iran executed 67 in July, admitted 8
View full timeline →

Background

Hengaw is a Norway-based Kurdish human rights organisation, founded in 2016 and originally focused on documenting abuses in Iran's five Kurdish-majority provinces. The 2026 conflict widened its REMIT into the principal independent register of wartime executions and killings nationwide, filling a gap Left by Iran's own judiciary and health ministry, whose figures Hengaw's tally has consistently run three to four times higher than.

Its method rests on diaspora networks and encrypted channels that continue operating even through Iran's own internet blackouts, a resilience built during the 2022 Mahsa Amini protests and predating the war. That method is also its limit: verification happens from outside the country, so every Hengaw figure is a documented floor rather than a claim to have counted everything.

That caveat matters because none of the Ceasefire, Hormuz or sanctions tracks under way in 2026 have made Iran's domestic prison record a condition of anything, leaving Hengaw as the only sustained account of what continues inside the country regardless of the state of the wider war.

Key Issues
Execution monitoring

Its tally keeps outpacing the truce

Hengaw's running execution count has climbed steadily through the Ceasefire period rather than falling with it. By 1 May the group had documented 22 political executions in six weeks, roughly one every two days, the fastest sustained rate since 1988 . On 2 August it reported 67 executions carried out in July alone, against an official admission of just eight.

The group's field method, diaspora networks and encrypted channels that keep functioning through Iran's internet blackout, means it regularly documents clusters within hours: two Kurdish prisoners hanged on the day of stalled talks, five-prison execution clusters, and secret hangings inside supposed Ceasefire windows. None of the diplomatic tracks running in parallel has made this record a condition of anything.

Casualty count dispute

Its toll runs far above the state's

Hengaw's war-dead count diverged from Iran's official figures within the first month of fighting. By 24 March the group had documented 6,530 deaths against a state figure of 1,750, a gap that widened rather than closed as the war continued: by 28 March Hengaw's total stood at 6,900 dead and 1,700 arrested while the official count remained frozen at 1,937 .

Hengaw has repeatedly gone silent for days at a stretch, a signal the group itself treats as evidence of access restrictions inside Iran rather than a pause in killing, and its 9th casualty report on 2 April documented IRGC forces using schools and mosques as military positions .

Common Questions

Reference

What are extrajudicial killings versus judicial executions in Iran in 2026?
Judicial executions go through Revolutionary Court sentences, leave a court record, and are sometimes announced by state media. Extrajudicial killings, documented by Hengaw in cases like the Veisi brothers on 28 May 2026, are IRGC field shootings with no court process, no record, and immediate deniability.Source: Lowdown iran-conflict-2026
What is Hengaw and how does it document executions inside Iran?
Hengaw is a Norway-based Kurdish human rights organisation founded in 2016. It operates through diaspora networks and encrypted channels that function even during Iran's internet blackout, documenting executions, arrests, and rights conditions in Iran's Kurdish-majority provinces and, since 2026, nationally.Source: Lowdown iran-conflict-2026
What does Hengaw document beyond casualty numbers?
Hengaw also records individual arrest cases, charging patterns (such as the 'moharebeh and Israel' charge linking domestic dissent to the conflict), the fastest capital cases on record (Mojtaba Kian: under 50 days from arrest to execution), denial of bodies to families, and the detention of lawyers and writers. It is the primary independent source for UN Special Rapporteurs and international media.Source: Hengaw / Lowdown
Why does Hengaw report higher death tolls than Iran's government?
Hengaw includes both military and civilian casualties using on-the-ground contacts and open-source intelligence, while Iran's Health Ministry publishes civilian figures only and controls the data. The fourfold gap follows the pattern established during the 2022 Mahsa Amini protests, when official counts ran at one-quarter of independent tallies.Source: Hengaw
How does Hengaw operate during Iran's internet blackout?
Hengaw operates through diaspora networks and encrypted channels maintained with contacts inside Iran, allowing it to continue documenting executions and arrests even during the 2026 conflict's 1,700-plus cumulative hours of internet blackout.Source: Hengaw
What does Hengaw document beyond casualty figures?
Beyond casualty counts, Hengaw documents wartime arrests (2,700+ recorded), executions, internet blackout effects in Kurdish provinces, and evidence of Iranian military forces relocating into civilian spaces including schools, dormitories, and mosques.Source: Hengaw
How does Hengaw count deaths in Iran during the internet blackout?
Hengaw operates through diaspora networks and encrypted messaging channels developed during the 2022 Mahsa Amini protests, bypassing Iran's internet restrictions. Its verification framework functions during full blackout periods and is used by UN Special Rapporteurs and international media as the primary independent source.Source: Hengaw
Has Iran executed more protesters in July 2026?
Yes. Hengaw documented three protest-linked executions across Isfahan and Karaj on 15-16 July 2026, and reported 12 further Isfahan detainee files that had reached the Revolutionary Court's enforcement unit.Source: event
Who was Mohammad Amini Dehaghani?
A January 2026 protest detainee whose secret execution in Isfahan province on 15 July 2026 was documented by Hengaw; his arrest and trial were never made public.Source: event
How many executions has Hengaw documented in Iran's Kurdish provinces in 2026?
Hengaw has documented dozens of executions in Iran's Kurdish-majority provinces since the conflict began, including secret hangings at Naqadeh, Sanandaj, Bukan, Mahabad, and Kermanshah. It also confirmed the extrajudicial shooting of Kurdish border communities in the 28-30 May 2026 window.Source: Lowdown iran-conflict-2026
Has Iran executed any foreign nationals during the 2026 war?
Yes. Three foreign nationals have been executed on spying-for-Israel charges: two unnamed Iraqi nationals on 20 May 2026 (the first foreign nationals executed in the conflict), and Turkish national Gholamreza Khani Shakarab on 26 May. NATO member Turkey issued no public protest over Shakarab's execution.Source: Hengaw / Amnesty International
How many people has Iran executed during the 2026 conflict?
The Amnesty International register passed 200 executions for 2026 in mid-May, against 2,159 in all of 2025. Hengaw's monitoring identified a surge in the 21-27 May window including two Iraqi nationals, a Turkish national (Shakarab, 26 May), and five further executions across Kermanshah, Rasht, Mahabad, and Hamedan.Source: Hengaw / Amnesty International
What was the Esma Zarei execution case in Iran?
Hengaw reported on 23 May 2026 that ESMA Zarei was executed at Ardabil Prison after giving birth in custody. Hengaw is the sole source; no independent confirmation or Iranian state acknowledgement has appeared. The case is part of a pattern of executions documented during the Doha diplomatic track.Source: Hengaw
Which prisons appeared in Iran's wartime execution register on 13 May 2026?
On 13 May, Hengaw documented seven executions across five prisons: Birjand, Tabriz, Kerman, and Gorgan (two executions). Gorgan appeared in the wartime execution register for the first time. The cluster also included a separately confirmed execution at Urmia.Source: Hengaw
What is the 'moharebeh and Israel' charge Iran is using against dissidents?
Since May 2026 Hengaw has documented a new charging pattern combining moharebeh (waging war against God, a capital offence) with explicit Israel-linkage allegations — applied to domestic dissidents. The first documented case was Najmeh Amini in Mashhad on 9 May 2026. It reframes protest activity as wartime treason.Source: Hengaw
What new Iran execution charges has Hengaw documented in May 2026?
Hengaw documented a new 'moharebeh and Israel' charge filed against Najmeh Amini in Mashhad on 9 May 2026 — combining a capital offence with a wartime-loyalty framing that explicitly links domestic dissent to the Israel-Iran conflict. This followed the execution of Naser Bakrzadeh and Yaqoub Karimpour on spying-for-Israel charges on 5 May.Source: Hengaw
What has Hengaw reported in April 2026?
Hengaw confirmed the 27 April execution of Jafar Fakhrabadi at Yazd Central Prison and the transfer of three Ali Fahim co-defendants to solitary at Qezel Hesar Prison — both indicators of Iran's ongoing wartime execution of protest-era detainees.Source: Hengaw
How many people has Hengaw counted dead in the Iran war?
Hengaw's tenth report (covering 40 days of conflict) documented 7,650 killed including 1,030 civilians and 189 minors. This is roughly 3.8 times the Iranian Health Ministry's official figure of approximately 2,000 over the same period.Source: Hengaw Report 10
Has Hengaw stopped publishing reports during the Iran war?
Hengaw went silent twice: for five days after Day 25 of the conflict, and again when its tenth report ran seven days overdue in April 2026. Both gaps raised concern among analysts given it is the most credible independent casualty counter, and each time the organisation eventually resumed publishing.Source: Lowdown
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