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Iran Conflict 2026
12APR

France and Japan pay Iran's toll

2 min read
08:59UTC

Two G7 nations paid Iran in yuan to transit the Strait of Hormuz, breaking the collective coalition posture Washington built.

ConflictAssessed
Key takeaway

The US-led coalition is fracturing as allies pay Iran for passage in Chinese currency.

CMA CGM Kribi, a Malta-flagged container ship owned by France's CMA CGM (the world's third-largest container line), became the first Western European vessel to transit the Strait of Hormuz since 28 February. It paid Iran's toll in yuan. Before entering Iranian territorial waters, the ship changed its AIS designation to "Owner France", signalling nationality for the IRGC's sorting mechanism. 1

Hours later, Mitsui OSK Lines' LNG carrier Sohar LNG crossed in ballast, the first Japanese-affiliated vessel to transit. Three Omani ships also passed through . The toll system charges $1 per barrel for oil tankers or roughly $2 million flat for container ships, payable in yuan or stablecoins.

France and Japan are nominal US allies. Both coordinated with Iranian maritime authorities. Both implicitly accepted Tehran's sovereignty claim over the strait, the precise claim Trump's 6 April energy deadline threatens force to break. Both paid in yuan, not dollars. The Philippines cut its own bilateral deal two days earlier . The coalition posture Washington has relied on since the blockade began is dissolving into bilateral licensing arrangements administered by Tehran.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

France and Japan are close US allies. On 4 April, their shipping companies paid Iran a fee in Chinese currency to sail through the Strait of Hormuz. This matters for two reasons. First, they implicitly accepted Iran's right to charge for use of an international waterway. Second, they paid in yuan, not dollars, chipping away at US financial influence. The Philippines cut a similar deal two days earlier. The alliance the US built around Hormuz is dissolving one bilateral arrangement at a time.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

France's CMA CGM faces existential commercial pressure: the world's third-largest container line cannot absorb indefinite Hormuz closure without route restructuring at scale.

Japan's LNG dependency on Gulf supply creates energy-security vulnerability that outweighs diplomatic solidarity costs. Both governments calculated that collective posture imposed costs their economies could not sustain, while defection imposed only reputational costs the US would absorb rather than escalate over.

What could happen next?
  • Precedent

    Yuan payment for Hormuz passage creates a non-dollar settlement precedent for strategic waterway access that will outlast this conflict.

    Long term · High
  • Consequence

    Each bilateral deal reduces the political viability of US military action to reopen Hormuz, as enforcement would require overriding arrangements US allies have themselves accepted.

    Short term · High
  • Risk

    General License U expiry on 19 April could force a confrontation with France and Japan if Treasury declines to renew, criminalising transactions both nations have already completed.

    Medium term · Medium
First Reported In

Update #58 · First US aircraft fall over Iran

Euronews / Bloomberg· 4 Apr 2026
Read original
Different Perspectives
Qatar
Qatar
Qatar holds approximately $12 billion in frozen Iranian assets that Tehran named as the precondition for any Hormuz reopening sequence; with Oman sidelined and no agreed HEU custodian, the asset-routing architecture that any deal requires has no operational channel and no neutral financial intermediary to run it through.
Hengaw and Iranian civilian population
Hengaw and Iranian civilian population
Iranians face an internet capped at 40 per cent by hardware their president cannot dismantle, field killings that leave no court record, and judicial executions running in parallel; Hengaw, based in Norway, is the primary remaining monitor of a repression system the IRGC is deliberately moving beyond auditable records. The real toll is higher than any single monitor's count.
China
China
China supplied deep-packet-inspection hardware that caps Iran's internet at 40 per cent and enables an instant on-demand blackout, and was barred by Trump as a potential HEU custodian on 27 May. Beijing gains from Iran's continued non-alignment with the West while the DPI sale extends Chinese surveillance-technology exports as a geopolitical instrument.
Pakistan
Pakistan
Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar met Rubio in Washington on 29 May, formally inheriting the role of sole active mediator after Oman's forced withdrawal. Pakistan lacks Oman's banking infrastructure for frozen-asset routing and carries its own regional stakes, making it a less structurally neutral broker for the Qatar-held $12 billion sequencing.
Kuwait
Kuwait
Kuwait invoked Article 51 of the UN Charter after absorbing an Iranian ballistic-missile strike on Ali Al Salem Air Base on 28 May, becoming the first Gulf state to make a formal individual self-defence claim in the war. The invocation creates a legal record enabling a future bilateral defence-pact activation without yet triggering it.
Oman
Oman
Oman denied any Hormuz toll plan within hours of Bessent's 28 May threat, absorbing a sanctions warning from the country it has brokered for since 1981. The rapid capitulation preserved the channel formally, but Tehran now knows Washington will threaten its own mediator, which changes Muscat's calculus on how far it can lean into any joint-management architecture.