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Russia-Ukraine War 2026
12OCT

ISW Logs Third Straight Net-Loss Week for Russia

3 min read
10:59UTC

ISW assessed Russia net-lost 12 sq mi between 5 and 12 May and a further 29 sq mi between 12 and 19 May, extending the April territorial-loss pattern as Moscow extended its gasoline export ban through 31 July.

ConflictAssessed
Key takeaway

Three straight net-loss weeks and a fuel-export ban extension are pulling on the same constrained refining base.

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW, a Washington think-tank publishing daily battlefield assessments) assessed Russia net-lost 12 sq mi of territory between 5 and 12 May 2026, then a further 29 sq mi between 12 and 19 May⁠1. Those are the second and third consecutive net-loss weeks since the pattern first appeared in April, and the 12-19 May figure is the largest single-week net loss recorded since the spring offensive began.

Russia imposed a gasoline export ban through 31 July 2026 in response to refinery damage, extending the April measure first taken when the Kirishi refinery ceased operations. Moscow is now defending a home fuel market and a slipping front at the same time, with the same set of constrained refining outputs feeding both. The extension to the end of July signals the Ministry of Energy does not expect the central-Russia refinery picture to clear inside ten weeks.

Net-loss numbers at this scale do not by themselves indicate Russian collapse. Twelve and 29 square miles in a week are small absolute movements on a thousand-kilometre front; the war has run for years at slower rates. Three consecutive net-loss weeks indicate something narrower: the direction of the trade has flipped. After more than a year of incremental Russian gains in the Donetsk axis, the ledger has gone the other way, briefly.

The pairing with the export ban tightens that signal. Forces that cannot generate sortie volume because their fuel chain is constrained also cannot generate the close-air-support tempo Russian formations have relied on to convert assault losses into ground. The refinery campaign and the front-line ledger are converging on the same week in May.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Researchers at the Institute for the Study of War have been tracking which side is gaining more ground each week. For three weeks in a row from late April to mid-May 2026, Russia lost more ground than it gained. That had not happened since Ukraine's Kursk incursion in August 2024. The numbers are not huge: Russia lost the equivalent of a couple of square miles per week. But the direction matters. Russia had been slowly gaining ground for over a year. The reversal is happening at the same time Ukraine is destroying fuel refineries, which limits how many aircraft sorties Russia can fly and how much fuel reaches frontline vehicles. Russia has also banned petrol exports until the end of July, which is a sign the fuel shortage is serious enough to require emergency domestic rationing.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    If net-loss weeks continue through June, Russian operational commanders face pressure to redeploy units from the Zaporizhzhia-Kherson axes to shore up the Donetsk front, thinning defensive depth in the south.

  • Risk

    Moscow's fuel export ban reduces hard-currency revenue in Q2 at the same moment the Q1 deficit overshoot requires emergency financing, compressing the fiscal runway Bruegel estimates at four to six months.

First Reported In

Update #17 · Istanbul talks, refineries dark, deficit overruns

Russia Matters / ISW· 22 May 2026
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Causes and effects
This Event
ISW Logs Third Straight Net-Loss Week for Russia
Two more weeks of net-negative Russian advance, paired with a fuel-export ban extension, suggest the front line and the home fuel market are tightening on the same timeline.
Different Perspectives
Government of Latvia
Government of Latvia
Latvia abstained on 22 September when the EU renewed its individual sanctions for 36 months at the price of delisting Alisher Usmanov and Mikhail Fridman, and promised national sanctions of its own. Riga's abstention marks how far a frontline member state will go to keep listed names listed.
India's Ministry of External Affairs
India's Ministry of External Affairs
After the House passed the Graham bill on 16 September, India's foreign ministry said it would keep buying energy on market terms and protect its trade. Russia supplied 30.3% of India's crude imports in fiscal 2026, so the tariff decision due around 18 October falls directly on New Delhi.
Kaja Kallas, EU foreign policy chief
Kaja Kallas, EU foreign policy chief
Kallas answered the US licence on 10 October by saying Europe would not ease pressure, and EU ministers adopted a 22nd package of nearly 1,600 listings two days later. Brussels is tightening as Washington loosens, though TASS reported the package adds no significant new trade restrictions.
Donald Trump and the US Treasury
Donald Trump and the US Treasury
The Treasury licensed Russian diesel imports until 7 April 2027 on the day of Trump's call with Putin, and Trump then told reporters Ukraine should find a new leader. Washington is trading sanctions relief for fuel supply while pressing Kyiv to halt the refinery strikes behind the shortage.
Kremlin and Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak
Kremlin and Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak
After the 9 October call the Kremlin said Russia was ready to supply oil and petroleum products to American and global markets, and Novak brought forward the end of diesel export curbs. Moscow is selling the shortage back as goodwill, with volumes that Decree No. 686 now hides from outside checks.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine
Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine
Zelenskyy called GL 135 an investment in prolonging the war and offered to stop striking Russian refineries if Russia stops destroying Ukraine's energy system. Answering Trump's call for a new leader, he set a total 60-day ceasefire as the condition for elections, which puts the next move on Moscow.