Skip to content
Briefings are running a touch slower this week while we rebuild the foundations.See roadmap
Russia-Ukraine War 2026
22MAY

ISW Logs Third Straight Net-Loss Week for Russia

3 min read
10:57UTC

ISW assessed Russia net-lost 12 sq mi between 5 and 12 May and a further 29 sq mi between 12 and 19 May, extending the April territorial-loss pattern as Moscow extended its gasoline export ban through 31 July.

ConflictAssessed
Key takeaway

Three straight net-loss weeks and a fuel-export ban extension are pulling on the same constrained refining base.

The Institute for the Study of War (ISW, a Washington think-tank publishing daily battlefield assessments) assessed Russia net-lost 12 sq mi of territory between 5 and 12 May 2026, then a further 29 sq mi between 12 and 19 May 1. Those are the second and third consecutive net-loss weeks since the pattern first appeared in April , and the 12-19 May figure is the largest single-week net loss recorded since the spring offensive began.

Russia imposed a gasoline export ban through 31 July 2026 in response to refinery damage, extending the April measure first taken when the Kirishi refinery ceased operations . Moscow is now defending a home fuel market and a slipping front at the same time, with the same set of constrained refining outputs feeding both. The extension to the end of July signals the Ministry of Energy does not expect the central-Russia refinery picture to clear inside ten weeks.

Net-loss numbers at this scale do not by themselves indicate Russian collapse. Twelve and 29 square miles in a week are small absolute movements on a thousand-kilometre front; the war has run for years at slower rates. Three consecutive net-loss weeks indicate something narrower: the direction of the trade has flipped. After more than a year of incremental Russian gains in the Donetsk axis, the ledger has gone the other way, briefly.

The pairing with the export ban tightens that signal. Forces that cannot generate sortie volume because their fuel chain is constrained also cannot generate the close-air-support tempo Russian formations have relied on to convert assault losses into ground. The refinery campaign and the front-line ledger are converging on the same week in May.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Researchers at the Institute for the Study of War have been tracking which side is gaining more ground each week. For three weeks in a row from late April to mid-May 2026, Russia lost more ground than it gained. That had not happened since Ukraine's Kursk incursion in August 2024. The numbers are not huge: Russia lost the equivalent of a couple of square miles per week. But the direction matters. Russia had been slowly gaining ground for over a year. The reversal is happening at the same time Ukraine is destroying fuel refineries, which limits how many aircraft sorties Russia can fly and how much fuel reaches frontline vehicles. Russia has also banned petrol exports until the end of July, which is a sign the fuel shortage is serious enough to require emergency domestic rationing.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    If net-loss weeks continue through June, Russian operational commanders face pressure to redeploy units from the Zaporizhzhia-Kherson axes to shore up the Donetsk front, thinning defensive depth in the south.

  • Risk

    Moscow's fuel export ban reduces hard-currency revenue in Q2 at the same moment the Q1 deficit overshoot requires emergency financing, compressing the fiscal runway Bruegel estimates at four to six months.

First Reported In

Update #17 · Istanbul talks, refineries dark, deficit overruns

Eastern Herald· 22 May 2026
Read original
Causes and effects
This Event
ISW Logs Third Straight Net-Loss Week for Russia
Two more weeks of net-negative Russian advance, paired with a fuel-export ban extension, suggest the front line and the home fuel market are tightening on the same timeline.
Different Perspectives
Rafael Grossi, IAEA Director General
Rafael Grossi, IAEA Director General
Grossi's Update 349 of 7 May recorded a drone strike on ZNPP's radiation monitoring laboratory on 3 May. Rosatom's 17 May public attack on the Secretariat's neutrality degrades the diplomatic ground Grossi needs for the sixth repair ceasefire at day 60 on the single backup line.
Indian Government / Embassy Moscow
Indian Government / Embassy Moscow
The Indian Embassy in Moscow confirmed on 18 May that an Indian national was killed and three hospitalised at a refinery construction site in the 17 May barrage. India is among the largest buyers of discounted Russian crude; the fatality forces a diplomatic protest without changing the purchasing posture.
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkish President
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Turkish President
Erdogan met Zelenskyy in Ankara for nearly three hours on 15 May before the Istanbul session, recovering Turkey's 2022 mediator role and reducing Trump's leverage by hosting bilateral talks without Washington in the room. Turkey hosts the NATO Ankara summit on 7-8 July; the Istanbul format gives Erdogan standing at both tables simultaneously.
Viktor Orban / Hungarian Government
Viktor Orban / Hungarian Government
Budapest's new cabinet, formed 12 May, holds the institutional veto point on the EU tranche disbursement ahead of the first-half June window. Hungary has previously leveraged EU loan tranches to extract bilateral concessions; the combination of a fresh cabinet and a tight disbursement timeline makes Budapest the single highest-leverage actor in the EU track this fortnight.
European Council / Commission
European Council / Commission
The Commission is preparing a three-document disbursement package for the 9.1-billion euro first tranche of the EU loan to Ukraine, targeting first-half June, but delivery depends on the Magyar cabinet, which formed on 12 May, not blocking the mechanism. The 20th sanctions package remains in force against Russia.
Donald Trump / US Treasury
Donald Trump / US Treasury
Treasury issued GL 134C with a 48-hour gap after GL 134B expired, confirming the waiver series functions as permanent monthly management rather than a wind-down instrument. Washington was absent from the Istanbul room; Treasury Secretary Bessent framed the Cuba carve-out as protecting 'most vulnerable nations', maintaining the fiction that the 30-day bridge has a humanitarian rationale.