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Iran Conflict 2026
16MAY

IDF hits Assembly of Experts during vote

3 min read
12:41UTC

The IDF hit the Assembly of Experts headquarters while the body chose Ali Khamenei's successor. Members of the constitutional body were among the casualties.

ConflictDeveloping
Key takeaway

Striking a constitutional deliberative body mid-session is without clear modern precedent in the laws of armed conflict, creating legal ambiguity that both sides will exploit and that sets a potentially destabilising international norm.

The IDF struck the Assembly of Experts headquarters in Tehran on Tuesday while the body was meeting to choose a successor to Ali Khamenei. Multiple members were killed or wounded, according to Israel Hayom and Middle East Eye. Iranian state media claimed the Building had been evacuated before the strike — a claim that cannot be independently assessed while Iran's internet blackout holds connectivity at 1% of normal levels . No foreign journalists are operating inside Iran.

The timeline of the succession vote relative to the strike is unresolved. Whether the Assembly voted before the strike, in its chaotic aftermath, or reconvened in a dispersed emergency session at an alternate location has not been established by any source with direct knowledge. The Assembly's headquarters in Tehran had already been struck during the campaign's opening hours , when Chatham House analyst Sanam Vakil assessed that the body might not convene until operations wound down. It convened anyway — and was hit again.

The strike fits an established pattern of targeting Iran's institutional infrastructure. The IRGC's Sarallah headquarters, state broadcaster IRIB's Tehran offices , and now the body constitutionally responsible for choosing The Supreme Leader have all been struck. President Trump stated that Iran's "new leadership" had been specifically targeted . The progression from military sites to the state broadcaster to the succession body itself represents the systematic dismantling of institutional capacity — command, communications, and now political continuity.

Targeting a constitutional body during a succession process has no direct precedent in the conflict between these states. Iran's last leadership transition — when Ali Khamenei succeeded Ruhollah Khomeini in June 1989 — occurred peacefully, within hours of Khomeini's death, by a body that was intact and uncontested. This succession occurred under bombardment, in a communications blackout, with members of the selecting body among the casualties. Whether the strike was timed to disrupt the vote or coincided with it through operational scheduling is unknown. The effect on the legitimacy of the outcome is the same.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

The Assembly of Experts is Iran's body of senior clerics that — constitutionally — appoints and can remove the Supreme Leader. Israel struck their headquarters while they were in the middle of choosing Khamenei's successor. It is roughly equivalent to bombing a parliament during a vote to elect a new head of state. Whether that makes it a legitimate military target — on the grounds that the successor would command Iran's war effort — or an attack on a civilian constitutional institution is genuinely contested under international law. Both Iran and its adversaries know the legal ambiguity and will use it to their respective advantage.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

Israeli targeting doctrine since the 2006 Lebanon war — the 'Dahiya doctrine' — holds that civilian infrastructure used for strategic purposes becomes a legitimate military target. The IDF appears to have assessed the succession deliberation itself as a strategic military decision, treating the identity of the next Supreme Leader as operationally relevant to Iran's conduct of the war and the Experts' session as therefore targetable.

Escalation

The strike's operational outcome may have achieved the inverse of IDF intent: by disrupting the succession process, it appears to have accelerated a rushed, constitutionally invalid result producing a Supreme Leader wholly dependent on the IRGC with no internal clerical counterweight — removing the moderating pressures on Iranian war strategy more effectively than simply killing Experts members would have.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    The strike's acceleration of the succession process — producing a constitutionally contested result under duress — may have handed Iran a propaganda narrative of Israeli interference in Iranian sovereignty that strengthens domestic support for the new leadership among populations otherwise sceptical of dynastic succession.

    Short term · Assessed
  • Risk

    If the succession vote is later characterised as coerced or constitutionally void, it creates a legal and political pretext for internal power struggles or rival factions to contest Mojtaba's authority.

    Medium term · Suggested
  • Precedent

    Striking a constitutional deliberative body during a succession process sets a norm other state actors could invoke to justify targeting legislative or constitutional institutions during armed conflict.

    Long term · Assessed
First Reported In

Update #17 · IRGC installs Khamenei's son as leader

Israel Hayom· 4 Mar 2026
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Different Perspectives
India (BRICS meeting host, grey-market beneficiary)
India (BRICS meeting host, grey-market beneficiary)
New Delhi hosted the BRICS foreign ministers' meeting on 14 May that Araghchi attended under the Minab168 designation, giving India a front-row seat to Iran's diplomatic positioning. India's state refiners have been absorbing discounted Iranian crude through grey-market routing since April; Brent at $109.30 means every barrel sourced outside the formal market generates a structural saving.
Hengaw / Kurdish human rights monitors
Hengaw / Kurdish human rights monitors
Hengaw's daily reports from Iran's Kurdish provinces remain the sole independent cross-check on Iran's judicial activity during the conflict. Two executions across Qom and Karaj Central prisons on 15 May and five Kurdish detentions on 15-16 May indicate the wartime judicial pipeline is operating independently of military tempo.
Pakistan (mediator and bilateral partner)
Pakistan (mediator and bilateral partner)
Islamabad spent its diplomatic capital as the US-Iran MOU carrier to secure LNG passage for two Qatari vessels through a bilateral Pakistan-Iran agreement, spending its mediation credit for direct economic gain. China's public endorsement of Pakistan's mediatory role on 13 May is the structural reward.
China and BRICS bloc
China and BRICS bloc
Beijing endorsed Pakistan's mediatory role on 13 May, one day after the BRICS foreign ministers' meeting in New Delhi. Chinese state banks are processing PGSA yuan toll payments; China has not commented on its vessels' continued Hormuz passage, but benefits structurally from a non-dollar toll system it did not design.
Iraq (bilateral passage partner)
Iraq (bilateral passage partner)
Baghdad negotiated a 2-million-barrel VLCC transit without paying PGSA yuan tolls, offering political alignment in lieu of cash. Iraq's position inside Iran's adjacent bloc makes it the natural first bilateral partner and a template for how Tehran structures passage deals with states that cannot afford Western coalition membership.
Bahrain and Qatar (Gulf signatories)
Bahrain and Qatar (Gulf signatories)
Both signed the Western coalition paper while hosting US Fifth Fleet and CENTCOM's Al Udeid base, respectively. Qatar occupies the sharpest contradiction: it is on coalition paper while simultaneously receiving LNG passage through the bilateral Iran-Pakistan track, a position Doha has tacitly accepted from both sides.