Skip to content
Welcome, thoughtbot's Giant Robots listeners!Start here
Russia-Ukraine War 2026
12OCT

VLCC forward freight stays 2x Atlantic

4 min read
10:59UTC

Lloyd's List assessed the TD3C Gulf-China VLCC 4Q26 forward freight near $181,163/day, roughly twice the US Gulf-China equivalent, a curve that refuses to price the clean Hormuz reopening the flat crude already booked.

ConflictAssessed
Key takeaway

Fourth-quarter Gulf VLCC freight at twice the Atlantic rate rejects the reopening the crude screen booked.

Lloyd's List assessed TD3C, the Baltic Exchange benchmark route for Very Large Crude Carriers from the Middle East Gulf to China, at a spot $412,888/day on 16 June, with the 4Q26 forward freight agreement near $181,163/day, roughly twice the US Gulf-China equivalent at $86,314/day⁠1. The dollar figures are assessed during a notional Hormuz closure rather than struck on actual fixtures; the load-bearing signal is the 2x MEG-to-Atlantic relationship, not the precise print.

A forward freight agreement is the freight market pricing the cost of moving a cargo months ahead, and this one is not decaying. The 4Q26 curve at twice the Atlantic basin is the shipping desk's own statement that it does not believe the Gulf disruption is over, even as flat crude prints three-month lows. The freight market priced the routing story more honestly than the crude screen, which front-ran a clean reopening the tonne-miles do not support.

The same physical scramble shows up closer to Europe. The Med Aframax bid that took TD19 to WS228 is the non-Hormuz sourcing scramble in the Mediterranean, paid for in the same tonne-miles. Crude flat price and forward freight are pricing two different futures: one a resolution, the other a sustained disruption. When they disagree this far, the freight curve is usually carrying the cargo the screen forgot.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Shipping companies that carry oil in giant supertankers charge different prices depending on the route. The most important route for bringing Gulf oil to Asia is the Middle East to China run, priced on a benchmark called TD3C. A separate market lets traders buy and sell contracts for future shipping capacity on this route, called freight forward agreements (FFAs). Right now, the price for a supertanker on the Middle East-to-China route in the fourth quarter of 2026 is about twice what the same type of ship costs on the US-to-China route. That gap tells us the shipping market still expects the Middle East route to be disrupted or expensive well into late 2026, even though crude oil prices have fallen sharply on news of a potential peace deal. The crude oil price and the shipping market are giving opposite signals about how soon things will return to normal.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

The 4Q26 FFA MEG premium over the Atlantic basin reflects two compounding structural factors: first, the Hormuz disruption has reoriented the global VLCC fleet toward longer voyages via Cape of Good Hope, reducing effective global VLCC supply and raising per-voyage freight costs on all routes; second, the MEG-China route is structurally more exposed to Hormuz than the US Gulf-China route, which loads from Houston, Corpus Christi, or offshore Gulf of Mexico without Hormuz transit.

The PGSA navigation-services toll represents a third, newer cost input embedded in the MEG route economics: any MEG-loading VLCC that transits the strait of Hormuz now faces a toll of up to $2 million per vessel in yuan or stablecoins, adding approximately $0.50-0.70 per barrel on a 2 million-barrel VLCC cargo as a freight input that did not exist before May 2026.

First Reported In

Update #9 · Russia cliff landed while screens sold Iran

Lloyd's List· 18 Jun 2026
Read original →
Different Perspectives
Government of Latvia
Government of Latvia
Latvia abstained on 22 September when the EU renewed its individual sanctions for 36 months at the price of delisting Alisher Usmanov and Mikhail Fridman, and promised national sanctions of its own. Riga's abstention marks how far a frontline member state will go to keep listed names listed.
India's Ministry of External Affairs
India's Ministry of External Affairs
After the House passed the Graham bill on 16 September, India's foreign ministry said it would keep buying energy on market terms and protect its trade. Russia supplied 30.3% of India's crude imports in fiscal 2026, so the tariff decision due around 18 October falls directly on New Delhi.
Kaja Kallas, EU foreign policy chief
Kaja Kallas, EU foreign policy chief
Kallas answered the US licence on 10 October by saying Europe would not ease pressure, and EU ministers adopted a 22nd package of nearly 1,600 listings two days later. Brussels is tightening as Washington loosens, though TASS reported the package adds no significant new trade restrictions.
Donald Trump and the US Treasury
Donald Trump and the US Treasury
The Treasury licensed Russian diesel imports until 7 April 2027 on the day of Trump's call with Putin, and Trump then told reporters Ukraine should find a new leader. Washington is trading sanctions relief for fuel supply while pressing Kyiv to halt the refinery strikes behind the shortage.
Kremlin and Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak
Kremlin and Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak
After the 9 October call the Kremlin said Russia was ready to supply oil and petroleum products to American and global markets, and Novak brought forward the end of diesel export curbs. Moscow is selling the shortage back as goodwill, with volumes that Decree No. 686 now hides from outside checks.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine
Volodymyr Zelenskyy, President of Ukraine
Zelenskyy called GL 135 an investment in prolonging the war and offered to stop striking Russian refineries if Russia stops destroying Ukraine's energy system. Answering Trump's call for a new leader, he set a total 60-day ceasefire as the condition for elections, which puts the next move on Moscow.