Alaska Republican Lisa Murkowski's Iran authorisation for use of military force (AUMF) remained unfiled on Monday 11 May as the US Senate returned from a week of recess. Her condition for filing, set on the floor on 30 April, was a credible White House plan with defined objectives, success metrics, exit criteria and congressional reporting. That paper threshold stayed unmet across the recess and into Monday's reopening.
Donald Trump's Oval Office statements on Monday (the ceasefire on life support, three Axios-leaked military options) do not satisfy a paper requirement; they extend the pattern Murkowski cited when she declined to file ahead of the 9 May deadline . She had flagged the same gap between Truth Social posts and presidential signatures in her floor remarks on the 8-9 May run . The verbal track makes her bar harder to clear, not easier: a credible plan requires a written instrument and a documented decision chain that the presidential-actions index has not produced in 74 days.
The legislative leverage runs the other way to most readings. If Trump signs nothing during the 13-15 May Beijing trip, Murkowski returns to a Senate that has watched a full week of verbal escalation against an empty paper trail, and her credible-plan demand carries more weight, not less. A signed Friday strike directive cuts the other way: an order arriving without prior congressional authorisation is the constitutional question Murkowski wanted to avoid, and she would lose the procedural lever to force a debate.
The institutional logic favours holding. Marco Rubio's closure of EPIC FURY on 5 May removed the executive's stated justification for further action; the absence of a follow-on signed instrument means the Senate cannot debate something that does not exist on paper. Murkowski's bar is procedural rather than political, and the longer the paper track stays empty, the more procedural ground she gains.
