Skip to content
Briefings are running a touch slower this week while we rebuild the foundations.See roadmap
Iran Conflict 2026
15APR

Reza Soleimani executed at Qom Central

3 min read
09:40UTC

Hengaw documented the execution of Reza Soleimani at Qom Central Prison on Friday 15 May and an unnamed prisoner at Karaj Central Prison the same day, extending the multi-day judicial cluster that began on 11 May.

ConflictDeveloping
Key takeaway

Hengaw documented two more 15 May executions at Qom Central and Karaj Central, extending the multi-day cluster.

Hengaw, the Norway-based Kurdish human rights organisation, reported that Reza Soleimani was executed at Qom Central Prison on Friday 15 May and an unnamed prisoner was executed at Karaj Central Prison on the same day 1. Karaj Central is the facility where aerospace researcher Erfan Shakourzadeh was secretly executed on 11 May .

The Friday killings extend the cluster Hengaw documented across 12-13 May: seven executions in a single day on 13 May , and the Shahbakhsh and Afrashteh secret executions on 12-13 May . The five-prison footprint now spans Qezel Hesar Karaj, Mashhad, Karaj Central, Qom Central, and Gorgan, mapping onto provinces with the largest Kurdish, Baluch, and protest-era detainee populations.

Counter-perspective: Iran's judiciary maintains that executions follow standard criminal procedure under Islamic Penal Code articles unrelated to the wartime emergency, and IRNA has not characterised the Hengaw figures as accurate or inaccurate. The judiciary's position is that wartime conditions do not alter due process; Hengaw's documentation is that the tempo and geographic spread have accelerated since the outbreak of conflict on 28 February.

Iran's state figure of 3,468 wartime deaths does not break out judicial executions from kinetic casualties, leaving Hengaw as the only granular source for the war-era judicial pattern. The international monitoring window narrows as Iran's nationwide internet blackout passes the 2,000-hour mark next week ; once that threshold is crossed, source networks inside Iran shift onto degraded sneakernet and intermittent satellite uplinks.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Hengaw, a Kurdish human rights group based in Norway, reported that two prisoners were executed at separate Iranian prisons on Friday 15 May: Reza Soleimani at Qom Central Prison and an unnamed person at Karaj Central Prison. Karaj Central is the same prison where an aerospace researcher named Erfan Shakourzadeh was secretly executed four days earlier. Iran's government does not publicly confirm these executions, and Hengaw is often the only source documenting them. The executions are part of a cluster spanning five prisons across Iran in a single week. Human rights groups say Iran has been accelerating executions of political detainees and minorities during the conflict, though the state frames the cases as ordinary criminal proceedings.

What could happen next?
  • Risk

    The five-prison execution cluster, spanning Qezel Hesar Karaj, Mashhad, Karaj Central, Qom Central, and Gorgan, suggests a coordinated judicial acceleration that may intensify as the internet blackout approaches 2,000 hours and international monitoring capacity contracts.

  • Consequence

    With Karaj Central featuring in both the Shakourzadeh execution on 11 May and the 15 May unnamed prisoner execution, the facility is now running as a wartime high-security processing site that Hengaw cannot directly access for identification.

First Reported In

Update #99 · Two Hormuz papers; Washington on neither

Hengaw Organisation for Human Rights· 16 May 2026
Read original
Different Perspectives
Iran human rights monitors (Amnesty International, Iran HRM, Hengaw)
Iran human rights monitors (Amnesty International, Iran HRM, Hengaw)
Monitors documented 30 women held on capital moharebeh charges in a basement prison ward, Benyamin Naqdi's death sentence with a forced-confession broadcast, and 39 political executions since February. Iran's security courts have processed protest cases at uninterrupted wartime tempo regardless of the diplomatic track.
Lloyd's of London (war-risk underwriters)
Lloyd's of London (war-risk underwriters)
Lloyd's held its Hormuz war-risk designation at $10-14 million per voyage while Brent fell 19%, maintaining a structural divergence from futures pricing. Underwriters require a UN Security Council resolution or government certification letter, not diplomatic optimism, before de-listing the strait.
Oman (Sultan Haitham's government)
Oman (Sultan Haitham's government)
Muscat issued a mine alert in its own territorial waters while denying any Hormuz toll plan after US Treasury threatened sanctions. A suspected mine in Omani waters on the same weekend as US financial pressure forces Muscat to demonstrate sovereignty without appearing to choose sides.
China (PRC)
China (PRC)
Beijing sent scholars rather than its defence minister to Shangri-La for the second year running and addressed Taiwan and multilateralism without mentioning Iran. China maintains its bilateral energy corridor protection with Tehran while refusing the diplomatic exposure of a public position at multilateral forums.
Iran Supreme National Security Council
Iran Supreme National Security Council
The SNSC framed the unsigned MOU as a 10-point Iranian victory with enrichment already recognised, and the foreign ministry rejected Trump's nuclear conditions within hours. Tehran treats each unsigned day as validation that Iran has retained its stockpile without surrendering it.
Trump administration (CENTCOM/White House)
Trump administration (CENTCOM/White House)
Trump posted three non-negotiable public conditions while CENTCOM disabled a commercial ship and Hegseth threatened resumed strikes from Singapore. The administration treats the unsigned MOU as leverage to extract maximum Iranian concessions before any ceasefire instrument is committed to paper.