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Iran Conflict 2026
25MAY

Brent closes $107.05 into Beijing summit

3 min read
13:55UTC

Brent crude closed $107.77 on 12 May on Trump's verbal rejection of Iran's 10-point MOU reply via Pakistan, then settled at $107.05 on 13 May. Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley flagged a structural Hormuz premium that will outlast any ceasefire.

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Key takeaway

Brent closed $107.05 on 13 May, $2.84 above the 11 May ceasefire-alive baseline.

Brent Crude closed at $107.77 on 12 May 2026, a 3.4 per cent jump on Trump's verbal rejection of Iran's 10-point MOU reply via Pakistan , then settled at $107.05 on 13 May 1. That is $2.84 above the $104.21 close that priced the ceasefire as still alive . The verbal rejection had no signed instrument behind it; the price still moved as if one had been signed against the ceasefire.

Brent is the global oil benchmark; roughly two-thirds of internationally traded crude prices off it, as do European retail diesel and the wholesale gas contracts that feed UK household bills. For UK drivers that translates to a pump price around £1.55 per litre through summer; for UK consumers on index-linked tariffs it adds roughly £180 a year to a typical household gas bill via the wholesale contracts that price off Brent. Traders are pricing both Trump's 11 May "life support" remarks on the ceasefire and the OFAC Hong Kong designations two days later .

Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley both noted on 13 May that the structural Hormuz premium will persist beyond any ceasefire because P&I (Protection and Indemnity) insurers cannot reopen war-risk cover for the strait until written rules of engagement exist for the European mission and the US blockade. The insurance freeze, not summit hope, sets the floor for Brent through the rest of May. The market is pricing the absence of signed paper for the rest of May.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

The price of oil on world markets is tracked via a benchmark called Brent crude. When Brent goes up, everything that uses oil, including petrol, diesel, home heating, and many food products, tends to get more expensive too. Brent closed at $107.05 on 13 May. Before the Iran conflict began about 75 days ago, it was around $67. That $40 difference is being called the "Hormuz premium", the extra cost the market adds because nobody can get war-risk insurance to ship oil through the strait right now. Two big investment banks, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, said on 13 May that this premium will not go away just because a ceasefire is signed. The shipping insurance industry needs to see written rules about how the strait will be managed before they will insure tankers again. Until that paperwork exists, oil stays expensive.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    The two-layer Brent premium, kinetic and structural insurance, means a signed ceasefire alone will not restore pre-war pump prices; the insurance layer requires a separate written rules-of-engagement document from the European coalition.

  • Risk

    UK Q3 2026 Ofgem price-cap calculations will incorporate the current Brent forward curve, locking elevated household energy costs through September 2026 regardless of any ceasefire signed in May or June.

First Reported In

Update #96 · Hegseth: no AUMF needed. Trump flies east

CNBC· 13 May 2026
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Different Perspectives
Lloyd's of London
Lloyd's of London
The Joint War Committee left Hormuz war-risk premiums at $10-14 million per voyage on 25 May, declining to move on Brent's 5% fall. The JWC's protocol requires a UN Security Council resolution or bilateral government certification letter before de-listing, and neither has arrived: a verbal understanding does not satisfy the formal condition the reinsurance market's treaty terms require.
Gulf Arab producers
Gulf Arab producers
Saudi Arabia and UAE depend on Hormuz for their own crude exports; Aramco CEO Nasser has warned no oil market recovery arrives until 2027 if the blockade continues past mid-June. Monday's $98.96 Brent settlement shortens nothing for Gulf producers without a signed instrument and a Pentagon mine-clearance timeline that runs up to six months post-ceasefire.
Qatar
Qatar
Qatar holds $12bn of frozen Iranian assets at the centre of the sequencing dispute but cannot release them without explicit US Treasury authorisation, given the original freeze was a US instrument. As the asset-holding state, Qatar's leverage is real but passive: it is the escrow holder, not the decision-maker, and any resolution requires US Treasury sign-off that Trump has withheld.
Pakistan
Pakistan
With both Prime Minister Sharif and army chief Munir simultaneously in Beijing on 25 May, Pakistan has for the first time consolidated its civilian and military mediation tracks under China's roof. Munir's direct Tehran-to-Beijing flight signals that the security and financial threads of the sequencing problem are now being worked in parallel rather than sequentially.
China
China
Beijing hosted Pakistan's principal mediators and Iran's China envoy Ghalibaf simultaneously on 25 May while its banking regulator capped new state-bank lending to five sanctioned refiners. China is simultaneously the most credible third-party underwriter of the $12bn sequencing and the state whose institutions face live OFAC secondary-sanctions exposure if the deadlock persists through GL V's expiry.
United States
United States
Trump posted on 24 May that the blockade holds until a deal is certified and signed, ruling out the informal MOU structure both sides had been building. The 'certified, and signed' condition is the first operational bar Trump has attached in 87 days, but it arrived without an executive instrument, maintaining the gap between posted ultimatum and signed US policy.