Skip to content
Welcome, thoughtbot's Giant Robots listeners!Start here
European Tech Sovereignty
22OCT

Two Suezmaxes cost $2m more than one VLCC

2 min read
17:24UTC

Substituting two Suezmax tankers for one VLCC on the abandoned Bab el-Mandeb run costs roughly $2 million more per voyage and stretches transit to 54 days, a cost the Baltic's headline VLCC benchmark never prints.

TechnologyDeveloping
Key takeaway

The Baltic's VLCC benchmark prices the wrong ship, hiding the Suezmax cost Saudi shippers now pay.

Chartering two Suezmax tankers to stand in for one VLCC on the Bab el-Mandeb run costs roughly $2 million more per voyage, and the passage stretches from 24 days to 54 by way of Suez or the Cape⁠1. A VLCC, or Very Large Crude Carrier, hauls about two million barrels; a Suezmax carries around a million, so replacing one with two roughly doubles the vessels tied up per barrel moved.

TD3C, the Baltic Exchange assessment for the Gulf-to-China VLCC route that most desks read for this conflict, captures none of that cost, because it prices a different ship on a different stretch of water. When the Baltic assessed TD3C at WS372 on 17 July, it was quoting the direct VLCC voyage, not the Yanbu-Suez Suezmax pair-up that Saudi shippers now pay for. The marginal freight on the rerouted flow never reaches the screen the market watches.

That gap is the structural point. Mediterranean aframax rates had already jumped 198% month-on-month to $151,308 a day, so the freight complex was tightening before the reroute added a second Suezmax leg on top. A desk hedging its landed cost on VLCC indices alone is left exposed to a Suezmax basis it cannot see moving, on the majority of Saudi export volume now leaving through the Red Sea. The cost is small against a large flat-price swing, but it is durable and route-specific, and it accrues on every cargo for as long as the strait stays shut.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Big oil tankers called VLCCs are too large to use some alternate routes easily, so when the direct route through Bab el-Mandeb closes, shippers use two smaller Suezmax tankers instead. That costs about $2 million more per trip and takes over twice as long. The trouble is that the market's main price gauge for this shipping route, called TD3C, was built to track the old direct route and doesn't count this extra cost at all, so traders relying on it may be underestimating true shipping expenses.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

TD3C prices a single VLCC on the direct Gulf-to-China route; it was built before Bab el-Mandeb closures were a standing feature of the market and has no mechanism to price a two-vessel Suezmax substitution.

Rebuilding a benchmark requires enough historical fixture data to backtest a new route definition, which takes the Baltic Exchange months to assemble and certify, so the pricing gap persists structurally even after the physical rerouting becomes routine.

What could happen next?
  • Risk

    Freight desks hedged purely against TD3C carry unrecognised basis risk on cargo actually moving via the Suezmax substitution route.

  • Opportunity

    A Baltic Exchange sub-index for the Suezmax substitution route would close the pricing gap once enough fixture data accumulates.

First Reported In

Update #20 · Saudi crude reroutes to Suez, freight bites

The National· 27 Jul 2026
Read original →
Different Perspectives
European Centre for International Political Economy
European Centre for International Political Economy
ECIPE found nine states gave about 97% of awarded cloud lots to home providers from 2018 to 2025, and every sovereignty-framed lot went to a domestic supplier. The think tank reads sovereignty clauses as a home-bias tool that narrows competition, with a 46% sole-bidder rate on a small sample.
Mistral AI
Mistral AI
Mistral opened a Munich industrial AI hub on 28 September with BMW and Siemens Energy work, and Germany's digital minister Karsten Wildberger praised it on the launch page. The French lab gains a German ministerial endorsement while its 21 October Nvidia partnership ties the work to US accelerators.
AWS European Sovereign Cloud
AWS European Sovereign Cloud
AWS will run its Brandenburg region for several hours on 24 October cut off from the AWS global backbone, with an EU-resident team. AWS says the test follows BSI's C3A criteria and will give regulators and customers verifiable evidence of separation.
Greenland government
Greenland government
Greenland signed a joint declaration with the EU and Denmark in September and received Virkkunen on 24 and 25 September. The Arctic Strategy now backs a cable linking Greenland directly to Europe, an alternative to Greenland Connect, which lands in Canada and Iceland.
Greek government
Greek government
Kyriakos Mitsotakis inaugurated DAEDALUS at Lavrion on 19 October, a €36m machine on Nvidia GH200 chips that anchors the PHAROS AI Factory. Athens paid 65% through Greece 2.0, making national recovery money the main funder of an EU AI Factory.
ASML
ASML
ASML reported record quarterly sales of €11.66bn and said planned supply for 2027 and 2028 will not fully meet demand. It plans about 30% more capacity in 2027, and some customers want to book for 2029 and 2030.

Written with AI from Lowdown's published reporting. Not individually reviewed by an editor. Editorial standards.