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Iran Conflict 2026
21MAY

Hengaw: 3 executed, writer detained 19 May

3 min read
09:55UTC

Hengaw documented three executions at Torbat-e Heydarieh and Shiraz on 19 May and the detention of Kurdish writer Majid Karimi in Tehran by intelligence officers.

ConflictDeveloping
Key takeaway

Iran's wartime judicial geography reached Khorasan Razavi province for the first time, with three executions and a continuing writer-detention operation.

Hengaw, the Norway-based Kurdish human rights monitor, documented three judicial executions in Iran on 19 May 2026 1. Ebrahim Farhadi Topkanlou was hanged at Torbat-e Heydarieh Prison in Khorasan Razavi province on a narcotics conviction. Saeid Rahmanirad and an unnamed third defendant met the same fate at Shiraz Prison the same day, the murder charge cited for Rahmanirad.

The Torbat-e Heydarieh execution extends the wartime judicial geography beyond the prison register Hengaw had previously documented for the conflict logged Birjand, Tabriz, Kerman and Gorgan). For Iran's Kurdish, Baluch and provincial minorities, that means the death-penalty pipeline is now reaching further from Tehran than at any point since 28 February.

State security officers also detained Majid Karimi, a Kurdish writer, at his Tehran home on 19 May. The arrest follows Hengaw's 18-19 May body-denial and writer-detention dossier , and indicates a continuing security operation rather than a single arrest. Shiraz lawyer Bahar Sahraeian was detained on 17 May . Two state tracks are running in parallel on the same day: capital charges through the judicial pipeline for espionage and narcotics, and administrative intelligence-service detention targeting cultural figures and civil society.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Inside Iran, the government has been executing prisoners and detaining writers and lawyers at an accelerating rate since the war began. Hengaw, a human rights organisation based in Norway, tracks these cases because independent monitoring inside Iran is not possible. On 19 May, Hengaw documented three judicial executions: one at a prison in Khorasan Razavi province (a region that had not appeared in the wartime execution record before) and two at Shiraz Prison. On the same day, intelligence officers raided the home of a Kurdish writer named Majid Karimi in Tehran and detained him. These two types of state action, court-ordered executions and intelligence-service raids, are running simultaneously and in parallel.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

Iran's 221-0 Majlis vote on 11 April suspended IAEA access and signalled domestic consensus behind the war. That consensus has a coercive dimension: minority communities (Kurds, Baloch) with cross-border ties to adversary-adjacent territories (Iraqi Kurdistan, Afghan-Pakistan border) face elevated state security attention during the conflict period.

The Khorasan Razavi execution register entry extends the provincial footprint into a province that borders Afghanistan and Turkmenistan, both of which have been identified in prior Hengaw reporting as transit routes for Kurdish activist networks.

The targeting of writers and lawyers (Karimi on 19 May, Sahraeian on 17 May) follows a documented pattern: civil society figures who would normally serve as conduits for human rights documentation are being pre-emptively detained. Hengaw itself operates from Norway precisely because its in-country sources face this detention risk.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    Khorasan Razavi's entry into the wartime execution register extends the documented judicial geography to six provinces: Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan (Birjand), East Azerbaijan (Tabriz), Kerman, Golestan (Gorgan), and Fars (Shiraz). The geographic spread weakens any argument that wartime executions are confined to Tehran's political prison pipeline.

    Immediate · 0.85
  • Risk

    The simultaneous targeting of Karimi (19 May) and Sahraeian (17 May) indicates an intelligence operation against civil society documentation infrastructure, not just individual dissidents. Hengaw's in-country source network faces structural disruption if the pattern continues.

    Short term · 0.7
  • Precedent

    Iran's wartime judicial acceleration, documented across 30+ executions since February, sets a precedent that future ICC or UN Special Rapporteur investigations will cite when arguing the conflict generated systematic and widespread human rights violations rather than isolated incidents.

    Long term · 0.78
First Reported In

Update #103 · Senate 50-47; UNSC at Barakah; no US paper

Hengaw Organisation for Human Rights· 20 May 2026
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Causes and effects
This Event
Hengaw: 3 executed, writer detained 19 May
Khorasan Razavi province enters the wartime judicial record for the first time, extending the prison register beyond Birjand, Tabriz, Kerman and Gorgan; two state tracks ran in parallel.
Different Perspectives
Turkey (Shakarab consideration)
Turkey (Shakarab consideration)
Ankara serves as one of two Western-adjacent Iran back-channels while Turkish national Gholamreza Khani Shakarab faces imminent execution on espionage charges in Iran. President Erdogan cannot deflect the domestic political crisis that a Turkish execution would trigger, which would force suspension of the mediating role.
Germany (Bundestag gap)
Germany (Bundestag gap)
Belgium, Germany, Australia, and France committed Hormuz coalition hardware on 18 May. Germany's Bundestag authorisation for the coalition deployment remains pending, creating a constitutional gap between the commitment announced and the parliamentary mandate required to operationalise it.
IEA and oil market analysts
IEA and oil market analysts
The IEA's $106 May Brent projection met the market in one session on 20 May as Brent fell 5.16% on diplomatic optimism. Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley's two-layer premium framework holds: the kinetic component compressed; the structural insurance component tied to Lloyd's ROE remains unresolved.
Hengaw
Hengaw
Documented the dual Kurdish execution at Naqadeh on 21 May, the two Iraqi-national espionage executions on 20 May, and Gholamreza Khani Shakarab's imminent execution risk. The 24-hour cluster covers two executions at one facility, the first foreign-national espionage executions, and a Turkish national whose death would suspend Ankara's mediation.
Lloyd's of London
Lloyd's of London
Hull rates stand at 110-125% of vessel value on the secondary market; the Joint War Committee has conditioned cover reopening on written ROE from the coalition or PGSA. The Majlis rial bill makes any compliant ROE structurally impossible to draft while the PGSA's yuan portal remains its operational mechanism.
United Kingdom and France (Northwood coalition)
United Kingdom and France (Northwood coalition)
The 26-nation coalition paper requires Lloyd's to see written rules of engagement before Hormuz war-risk cover reopens. The Majlis rial bill adds a second governance incompatibility on top of the unpublished PGSA fee schedule; coalition ROE cannot mention rial without conceding Iranian sovereignty over the strait.