Skip to content
You can now search across every topic, entity and event.What's new
European Oil Markets
23JUL

Easter ceasefire expires; violation counts diverge

3 min read
19:27UTC

Putin's truce ended at midnight Moscow time on 13 April. Kyiv logged 10,721 violations; Moscow logged 1,971. Novaya Gazeta Europe's reading of asymmetric compliance is the useful one.

EconomicDeveloping
Key takeaway

Ceremonial truces pause the wire stories, not the war.

Vladimir Putin's unilateral Orthodox Easter truce, decreed on 9 April, expired without extension at the end of 12 April. The Ukrainian General Staff tallied 10,721 Russian breaches over the period, including 119 ground assaults. The Russian Ministry of Defence tallied 1,971 Ukrainian breaches, including 258 artillery firings, 1,329 kamikaze drone strikes, and 375 munitions drops.

The Kremlin had rejected Volodymyr Zelenskyy's earlier Easter proposal targeting energy infrastructure attacks in late March . Putin's eventual decree came without any prior US diplomatic contact, per his published Kremlin calendar showing nine days of domestic engagements and no US meetings ahead of the announcement. Novaya Gazeta Europe, a Russian exile outlet based in Riga, assessed that Russia held back on strategic-strike activity throughout the pause while tactical-range fire carried on. That matches the pattern of asymmetric compliance: a partial halt on rear-area bombardment paired with unchanged close-in operations.

The timing of the window closes is the other analytic point. The decree concluded just as Hungarian polling day entered its final hours , giving Moscow a news cycle of Orthodox Easter imagery during the period the electorate was still voting. The immediate post-expiry barrage is detailed in event 4. The sequence is now a datable pattern: decree, partial compliance, expiry, return to baseline tempo. Any future Russian ceremonial ceasefire can be read against the same test, Russian long-range activity during the window, and the first 24 hours after.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Russia's Vladimir Putin called a 32-hour ceasefire for the Orthodox Easter holiday. It ran from the evening of 11 April to midnight on 13 April. After it ended, both sides accused the other of thousands of violations during the window. Ukraine logged over 10,000 Russian violations, mostly artillery fire and small attacks along the front. Russia logged nearly 2,000 Ukrainian violations. Both sets of numbers are real in the sense that fighting continued; they differ because each side uses its own definition of what counts as a violation. The ceasefire was announced by Putin without any prior negotiation with the US or Ukraine, and it expired without any framework for extension. The night after it ended, Russia launched its largest drone barrage in days.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

The 10,721 violation count that Ukraine logged measures a different thing than battlefield restraint: it includes every artillery round, every drone, every mortar that crossed the contact line during the 32-hour window. The Russian count of 1,971 Ukrainian violations uses the same imprecise instrument in the opposite direction. Neither count addresses whether the ceasefire altered the strategic trajectory of the war, which it did not.

The structural reason these unilateral ceasefires produce the same outcome each time: they are announced without any enforcement mechanism, without any agreed definition of a violation, and without any consequence for non-compliance. Their function is domestic Russian information management and international signal-sending, not battlefield management.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    The fourth unilateral Russian ceasefire decree, each producing the same violation-count dispute, establishes a pattern that makes future unilateral ceasefire claims less credible with each repetition.

  • Risk

    The ceasefire's alignment with Hungarian polling day, ending at midnight on 12 April, the day of the election, created a domestic political frame for Orbán that was disrupted when Tisza won decisively despite the timing.

First Reported In

Update #13 · Treasury kills the Russian crude waiver

Al Jazeera· 16 Apr 2026
Read original
Different Perspectives
US money managers (CFTC-tracked)
US money managers (CFTC-tracked)
US money managers had trimmed WTI net long positioning into July's rally, doubting the Hormuz premium would hold without freight or war-risk confirmation, and the crude stock build reported for the week to 17 July gives that scepticism a fundamentals basis. The 25 July CFTC data will show whether Brent's move above $100 changed their calculus.
Asian distillate buyers (Singapore)
Asian distillate buyers (Singapore)
Singapore's distillate holders kept retaining middle-distillate barrels as the East-West arbitrage window narrowed further this week, a pattern that sharpened as Fujairah light distillates hit a record low. Cargoes are being held rather than released west into the tightening Mediterranean market.
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria secured the removal of Lukoil founder Vagit Alekperov and Patriarch Kirill from the 21st package, with President Rumen Radev calling a personal listing 'shooting ourselves in the foot'. Sofia is protecting its position in Lukoil's EUR 3bn compensation claim over the 2023 Neftohim Burgas nationalisation.
Russia
Russia
Russia loses the roughly $14 a barrel of legal headroom the price-cap formula would have released toward $58, even as Urals continues trading below Moscow's $59 budget floor. The shadow-fleet insurance workaround that lets sanctioned crude clear above $44 in practice remains untouched by the freeze itself.
European Union
European Union
The EU adopted its 21st sanctions package on 23 July, freezing the $44 Russia oil cap for 12 months rather than letting the formula drift it toward $58, and listed shadow-fleet support vessels for the first time. The package cleared only after three failed Coreper votes.
Marine war-risk underwriters (Lloyd's-linked syndicates)
Marine war-risk underwriters (Lloyd's-linked syndicates)
War-risk syndicates lifted southern Red Sea hull premiums 150% to about 0.75% of hull value after the 20 July blockade declaration, still a seventh of the roughly 5% Hormuz band. Underwriters reset on realised loss, not declared threat, so the 23 July Encelia and Layla strikes set up the next re-mark.