EU targets shadow fleet's service layer

Russia keeps exporting oil despite Western sanctions using a shadow fleet: a large group of tankers, mostly older vessels, that operate outside the normal Western-insured shipping system. Earlier EU sanctions packages listed specific shadow-fleet tankers, but that approach left a gap: the services that keep those tankers running (bunkering with fuel to keep them going, ship-to-ship transfers where crude is moved between vessels at sea to obscure its origin, and port services in friendly ports) remained undesignated and continued operating freely. The EU Commission's draft 21st package proposes plugging that gap by sanctioning the service providers themselves. It also proposes roughly 30 additional vessel listings. Separately, the package proposes freezing the Russia oil price cap at $44.10 per barrel until January 2027. Under the current formula, the cap would automatically adjust upward toward roughly $75 on 15 July 2027 as the six-month Urals crude average has risen. A freeze blocks that adjustment, keeping the ceiling lower and limiting Russia's oil revenue. The package still needs unanimous approval from all EU member states at a mid-July vote; it has not yet been adopted.