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Drones: Industry & Defence
19MAR

Fury completes AMRAAM captive carry test

3 min read
08:30UTC

Anduril's autonomous wingman completed captive carry testing with an AIM-120 AMRAAM, moving from flight-test platform toward weapons-capable combat system as the Air Force prepares to choose from three competitors.

TechnologyDeveloping
Key takeaway

Fury's early manufacturing readiness is a source-selection argument, not merely a development milestone.

Anduril's YFQ-44A Fury completed captive carry testing with an inert AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missile 1. Captive carry — mounting a live-geometry weapon and flying with it without release — is a standard weapons integration step that validates aerodynamic compatibility, pylon loading, and avionics interface. Live-fire demonstrations are planned for later in 2026.

The Fury competes against General Atomics' YFQ-42A Dark Merlin and Northrop Grumman's YFQ-48A Talon Blue for the Air Force's initial CCA production contract. Congress allocated $680 million for the programme, with a selection expected this fiscal year.

The CCA programme requires an autonomous wingman cheap enough to be attritable — acceptable to lose in combat — yet capable enough to carry and employ real weapons alongside crewed fighters. General Atomics built the MQ-9 Reaper line that defined military drone operations for two decades. Northrop Grumman developed the X-47B, the first autonomous aircraft to complete an arrested landing on an aircraft carrier. Both bring extensive weapons integration pedigree on unmanned platforms. Anduril has neither heritage — but it has Arsenal-1 , already producing Fury airframes.

The $680 million initial allocation is modest by combat aircraft standards. The programme's long-term value, if CCA scales to equip fighter squadrons across the Air Force as intended, runs to tens of billions. The selection will determine whether the Pentagon weighs combat aviation heritage or manufacturing velocity more heavily when the two compete directly for the same contract.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

The US Air Force wants autonomous drone wingmen — aircraft that fly alongside manned fighter jets and take on the most dangerous tasks in combat. Three designs are competing for a production contract: Anduril's Fury, General Atomics' Dark Merlin, and Northrop Grumman's Talon Blue. Anduril's Fury has just passed an important safety gate: it flew near a manned aircraft while carrying a real but inactive missile. The next step is actually firing that missile. Congress has set aside $680 million for the winning design — but the real prize is the follow-on production contract, which could be worth billions more over the programme's lifetime.

Deep Analysis
Synthesis

The Fury's AIM-120 AMRAAM integration is strategically significant beyond the CCA competition itself. AMRAAM compatibility makes the Fury a beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile delivery platform with a potential unit cost one-fiftieth that of a manned fighter. If Fury wins and reaches operational scale, adversaries face saturation engagements from attritable platforms whose loss is economically sustainable in a way that losing F-35s structurally is not — fundamentally altering the cost calculus of contested airspace operations.

Root Causes

The $680M allocation is structurally underfunded relative to precedent — the X-45 UCAV demonstrator alone cost approximately $1B, and F-35 development exceeded $55B. The figure covers initial production rather than development, revealing that the Air Force has compressed the traditional development-to-production boundary. This accepts elevated technical risk in exchange for faster fielding, a doctrinal shift driven by the pace of Chinese autonomous aircraft development rather than by programme maturity.

Escalation

The competition is entering its decisive phase with asymmetric public visibility: Anduril has announced both a captive-carry milestone and an operational factory, while General Atomics and Northrop have not disclosed equivalent progress markers. This narrative asymmetry may influence source selection evaluators and congressional oversight before formal evaluation data becomes available.

What could happen next?
1 meaning1 opportunity1 risk1 precedent1 consequence
  • Meaning

    AMRAAM-armed autonomous wingmen are transitioning from demonstrator to production competition, marking the formal entry of attritable platforms into US air-to-air combat doctrine.

    Immediate · Assessed
  • Opportunity

    The CCA winner gains incumbency in a programme likely to exceed $10B over its lifecycle and becomes the reference platform for allied air forces pursuing compatible autonomous teaming capabilities.

    Medium term · Assessed
  • Risk

    Compressed development timelines and the attritable cost constraint may produce survivability shortfalls that only emerge in operational testing against peer-level air defences, requiring costly redesign after initial production.

    Short term · Suggested
  • Precedent

    A defence tech startup founded in 2017 is competing as a peer prime contractor against Northrop Grumman for a major manned-unmanned teaming production contract — the first such instance in modern US combat aircraft competition.

    Immediate · Reported
  • Consequence

    A Fury win would validate Anduril's vertically integrated manufacturing model for next-generation combat aircraft, setting a template that challenges the subcontractor-dependent production architectures of traditional primes across future programmes.

    Long term · Suggested
First Reported In

Update #2 · UK startup tops Pentagon's drone gauntlet

Breaking Defense· 19 Mar 2026
Read original
Causes and effects
This Event
Fury completes AMRAAM captive carry test
The captive carry test is the first public weapons integration milestone for Anduril's CCA entry. With $680 million allocated and a contract decision expected this fiscal year, the test puts a nine-year-old startup on comparable footing with General Atomics and Northrop Grumman — companies with decades of unmanned combat aircraft experience.
Different Perspectives
Anduril
Anduril
Anduril views consolidated procurement as enabling rapid scaling — the $20 billion enterprise contract replaces 120 separate Army contracts with a single vehicle. Arsenal-1's early opening positions it to argue manufacturing readiness that CCA competitors cannot yet demonstrate.
Ukrainian drone manufacturers
Ukrainian drone manufacturers
Ukrainian firms have battle-tested interceptors priced at $2,100–$2,500 per unit and demand from 11 nations, but the wartime export ban forces partnerships with Western firms rather than direct sales.
IISS
IISS
IISS characterises drone innovation in the Russo-Ukrainian war as adaptation within existing military paradigms rather than a transformation of warfare — a more cautious assessment than the Pentagon's procurement urgency suggests.
US Pentagon, Anduril and Shield AI
US Pentagon, Anduril and Shield AI
The Pentagon awarded Anduril a $20 billion enterprise vehicle and confirmed Gauntlet II's live EW red team, prioritising procurement speed over competition; Anduril began YFQ-44A production four months early. Shield AI countered by raising $2 billion and validating Hivemind on a European airframe, betting multi-platform interoperability hedges against Anduril's platform lock.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Ukraine
Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Ukraine
Zelenskyy publicly disclosed that 10 shadow drone factories have been built abroad to circumvent Ukraine's wartime export ban, signed 10-year defence deals with Saudi Arabia and Qatar, and deployed 228 specialists across five Gulf states. The disclosure is a calculated signal that the ban is fracturing and Kyiv is seeking revenue structures independent of Western aid.
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia signed a 10-year defence deal with Ukraine and accepted the deployment of Ukrainian counter-drone specialists the US declined to partner on in August 2025. The Gulf pivot reflects Riyadh's assessment that Ukrainian combat-proven doctrine at $2,500 per interceptor is more cost-effective than Patriot-dependent air defence.