Bruegel economist Mario Mariniello argued in a June publication that Europe's tech-sovereignty package uses nationality as a proxy for security, mimicking the very strategies of the US and China it means to counter. Bruegel is a Brussels economic think-tank, and Mariniello's critique notes that EU cloud providers hold only about 15% of their own home market, so a nationality test does little to change who actually supplies European computing.
Bruegel had already costed the CADA public-sector cloud migration at up to €86bn. The mimicry critique extends that argument: even at that price, a design that screens suppliers by nationality rather than fixing the underlying gaps in energy cost and capital access does not buy genuine sovereignty, only a European-flagged version of the dependency logic it set out to escape.
