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Data Centres: Boom and Backlash
10JUN

NVIDIA networking up 199%, chips up 77%

3 min read
10:06UTC

NVIDIA's 20 May results showed data-centre networking revenue at $14.8 billion, up 199 per cent year-on-year, while compute rose 77 per cent, the gap revealing that hyperscalers have shifted spend from buying GPUs to wiring them together.

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Key takeaway

After chips and transformers, the interconnect fabric is the next physical limit on how fast data-centre capacity can come online.

Nvidia reported first-quarter fiscal 2027 results on 20 May, with data-centre networking revenue of $14.8 billion, up 199 per cent year-on-year, against compute revenue of $60.4 billion, up 77 per cent. 1 Networking grew 2.6 times faster than compute; total data-centre revenue reached $75.2 billion for the quarter.

The growth gap traces to how these clusters run. Tens of thousands of graphics processors (GPUs) behave as one machine only if the fabric between them, the InfiniBand and Ethernet switching that carries data chip to chip, keeps pace. Once the processors are ordered, the interconnect becomes the limit on how large a usable cluster gets. Networking at 199 per cent against compute at 77 per cent says hyperscalers have placed their GPU orders and are now spending at triple the rate to link them.

That adds a third item to the supply-chain critical path. GE Vernova booked a $163bn backlog with five-year transformer lead times after buying out Prolec , and Equinix reported 46 active projects, a 3 GW pipeline and capacity it called tight . Switch and interconnect supply now competes with transformers and GPUs for the same finite build timelines. What Nvidia's record quarter says about capital allocation belongs to a separate ledger; for the physical build-out, the fabric rather than the spend now gates when capacity powers on.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

A GPU (graphics processing unit) is the specialist chip that handles the calculations needed to train and run large AI models. NVIDIA makes the most widely used ones. But a single GPU sitting by itself is not very useful for large AI work; you need tens of thousands of them linked together into one giant virtual computer. The cables, switches, and network cards that connect those GPUs are called the interconnect fabric. NVIDIA also makes the leading interconnect system, called InfiniBand, used in the world's largest AI training clusters. When NVIDIA's networking revenue grows nearly 200 per cent while chip revenue grows 77 per cent, it means customers have largely placed their GPU orders and are now spending aggressively on the wiring to link them. The chips are in the warehouse; the interconnect is what turns thousands of boxes into one usable supercomputer.

Deep Analysis
Root Causes

The networking-to-compute revenue ratio shift traces to the GPU cluster architecture NVIDIA popularised with NVLink and InfiniBand: at 72-GPU node scale (DGX H100), each node requires four 400Gb/s InfiniBand ports, and connecting 10,000 such nodes into a single fabric requires roughly 5,500 top-of-rack switches plus two spine layers, each of which must be procured and installed.

The more GPUs ordered in prior quarters, the more interconnect spend follows in subsequent quarters as a near-mechanical consequence.

Lead times on InfiniBand director-class switches stretched to 52-68 weeks in Q4 2025 according to supply-chain reports from Mellanox distributors, meaning the Q1 FY2027 revenue is partly shipping hardware ordered 12-18 months prior, adding a temporal lag between GPU and network procurement that exaggerates the quarterly ratio.

What could happen next?
  • Consequence

    Interconnect fabric joins power transformers and GPUs as the third concurrent supply bottleneck on the critical path for bringing new AI compute capacity online, adding 6-12 months to cluster activation timelines where switch lead times exceed 52 weeks.

  • Risk

    If NVIDIA pricing accounts for 20+ per cent of the 199 per cent networking growth, a normalisation of switch pricing as Ethernet alternatives (Ultra Ethernet Consortium) scale could compress networking revenue materially in FY2028.

Sources:NVIDIA
Mentions:GE Vernova →Equinix →Prolec →Cisco →SemiAnalysis →InfiniBand →Nvidia →
First Reported In

Update #4 · Grid wins power to switch off data centres

NVIDIA· 26 May 2026
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Causes and effects
Caused by
GE Vernova prices the transformer bottleneck
GE Vernova's $163bn backlog and transformer scarcity established the multi-year supply critical path to which NVIDIA's networking revenue growth adds interconnect as a third constraint.
Occurred 22 Apr 2026
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Equinix runs 46 builds, buys 800 MW Nordic
Equinix's tight capacity and 3 GW pipeline alongside NVIDIA's networking surge confirms that the physical supply-chain bottleneck is now running across transformers, GPUs, and interconnect fabric simultaneously.
Occurred 29 Apr 2026
Read story →
This Event
NVIDIA networking up 199%, chips up 77%
Interconnect fabric joins transformers and GPUs as a multi-year supply bottleneck on the critical path for bringing data-centre capacity online.
Different Perspectives
Data-centre developers and hyperscale operators
Data-centre developers and hyperscale operators
Hill County's rescission on 4 June, seven days after RCM Hill filed a $100 million taking suit, shows the Fifth Amendment threat is faster than any appellate route: the damages clock runs from the day the moratorium passed. Rural counties with no large-load permitting framework face a litigation bill that can exceed their entire annual budget.
Kenya and President Ruto
Kenya and President Ruto
Kenya's suspension of the $1 billion Microsoft-G42 Olkaria project in early May applies raw-capacity logic at national scale: President Ruto stated the full 1 GW build would mean switching off half the country against a 3 GW installed base. A single hyperscale campus can consume a third of a Sub-Saharan grid with no equivalent constraint in Europe.
Denmark and Energinet
Denmark and Energinet
Energinet's 27 May extension of its large-load connection pause, with a 60 GW queue against 7 GW peak demand, demolishes the assumption that surplus renewable generation is a relief valve for compute demand. Denmark has more wind than it can use and still cannot connect data centres, because transmission pace is the binding constraint.
France and EDF
France and EDF
EDF's repurposing of the Bouchain former power-station site for SoftBank's Phase 1 campus gives France a replicable siting instrument, a brownfield nuclear connection bypass, that no other G7 grid operator can match. France's Choose France summit on 30 May secured the boom's largest European bet without a connection-queue fight or community moratorium.
SoftBank Group
SoftBank Group
SoftBank's EUR 75 billion France commitment on 30 May anchors at EDF's Bouchain nuclear baseload, bypassing the UK's four-times-US electricity cost premium (cited by OpenAI as reason to pause Cobalt Park) and Germany's grid-queue delays. EDF's supply relationship is bilateral; SoftBank never enters the French connection queue.
US residential ratepayers and state regulators
US residential ratepayers and state regulators
Portland General Electric's 4 June tariff is the first evidence that PJM's cost-transfer warning to governors on 19 May can run in reverse: Oregon households get a 1.3% bill reduction as data centres absorb their grid costs. The 12 other states carrying active cost-attribution bills now have a filed tariff with actual numbers to cite.