8NOV

Australia puts sea mines in Ghost Shark

2 min read

19:26UTC

Ghost Shark can now carry up to twelve sea mines, launch Altius attack drones and drop supply caches, Australia disclosed.

← Back to UK names HII at £303m; its tender said £125m Jump to analysis ↓

TechnologyDeveloping

Key takeaway

Ghost Shark gained mine, drone and supply payloads that Australia now pitches for export.

The Australian Department of Defence disclosed on 19 October that Ghost Shark, the extra-large autonomous submarine built with Anduril, can carry up to twelve sea mines at a time⁠¹. Two other previously classified payloads were revealed alongside it: Anduril's Altius aerial drones, launched from the vehicle, and supply caches for special forces. An Altius can scout, or carry about 4kg of explosives against a vessel.

"Those Ghost Sharks now have teeth," said Pat Conroy, the defence industry minister. He named payloads as Australia's export focus under AUKUS Pillar Two, the strand of the Australia-UK-US pact covering shared advanced technology rather than nuclear submarines. Conroy said he "hasn't given up hope" that Britain and the US take an interest in the vehicle itself. The first boat arrived in January this year under an A$1.7bn (about £873m) contract, and Defence says "dozens and dozens" will follow.

Uncrewed minelaying has a recent precedent: a MARLIN uncrewed vessel laid a MALAMAN training mine in August. Ghost Sharks also sailed in the Maritime Big Play exercise off San Diego.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

Ghost Shark is a large robot submarine bought by Australia's Department of Defence. It travels underwater for long periods with no crew aboard. Until now Australia kept secret what it would carry. The government has now said it can lay sea mines, launch small flying drones that can spy or attack boats, and drop supplies for special forces. AUKUS is the defence pact between Australia, Britain and the US, and Australia hopes its partners will buy these add-on systems.

Deep Analysis

Root Causes

An extra-large robot submarine needs a reason to exist beyond reconnaissance, which smaller and cheaper vehicles already do. Mines, launched aerial drones and supply caches each use the one thing Ghost Shark has that small vehicles lack: internal volume and long range.

Export policy shapes the payload focus too. A whole vehicle invites partner navies to build their own, while a payload with a standard interface can ride on many allied hulls, giving Australian industry a market without needing allies to buy Australian submarines.

What could happen next?

Consequence
Ghost Shark moves from a surveillance vehicle to an armed one in Australian planning.
Opportunity
Australian payload makers could win AUKUS export orders if US or UK vehicles adopt compatible interfaces.

Source Landscape

This story draws on centre-left-leaning sources from United States

United States

Primary parallel: Stark Defence and MBDA said on 30 September 2026 they would fit four Sea Venom missiles and ten Cascade loitering munitions to a 12m uncrewed boat, while describing the missile work as early. Ghost Shark's payload list follows the same order: announce the weapon fit, then test it.

Counter-parallel: Turkey's MKE took the other order. Its one-way-attack uncrewed boat destroyed a surface target with a 100kg live warhead during the Denizkurdu-I/2026 exercise in September, before any export pitch.

The A$1.7bn contract signed in 2025 funds the vehicles. The three payloads have no published price, so the cost of arming the fleet is outside that figure.

An Altius launched from underwater gives a small strike option without a ship or aircraft nearby. If allies buy the payloads, Australian revenue would come per payload rather than per hull.

Consensus view: Pat Conroy, Australia's defence industry minister, told reporters in Sydney that payloads, not the vehicle, are Australia's export focus under AUKUS Pillar Two, while he 'hasn't given up hope' Britain and the US take an interest in Ghost Shark itself. ABC News reported that Defence will say only that 'dozens and dozens' of vehicles will follow under the A$1.7bn contract.

Counter-view: Britain's Ministry of Defence announced on 27 October that it will lead three other AUKUS payloads. The two allies are each claiming a payload niche, which leaves the mine and drone payloads competing with British sensors for the same three fleets rather than forming one joint set.

Key tension: Whether Canberra can sell payloads designed around Ghost Shark's interfaces to navies that have not bought Ghost Shark, or whether the payloads only travel with the hull.

First Reported In

Update #14 · UK names HII at £303m; its tender said £125m

ABC News· 8 Nov 2026

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Causes and effects

Caused by

UK to lead three AUKUS undersea payloads

Australia pitched Ghost Shark payloads as AUKUS Pillar Two exports while the UK claimed three payload leads.

Occurred 27 Oct 2026

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This Event

Australia puts sea mines in Ghost Shark

Australia is pitching Ghost Shark's payloads, as well as the vehicle itself, as its AUKUS export offer.

Different Perspectives

EDGE Group

EDGE took control of Italian engine maker CMD in October and signed exploratory USV memorandums with Novamarine and Abu Dhabi Ship Building in early November. It is assembling an Italian hull and engine supply chain around Emirati autonomy, with no customer named.

Japan Ministry of Defense

Nikkei reported on 29 October that the ministry will start research in fiscal 2027 towards mass-producing underwater drones for detection and attack, with prototypes by fiscal 2035. The stated aim is to deter China's growing submarine fleet with fewer sailors at risk.

Kongsberg Discovery

Kongsberg received a $54m DIU modification, mainly for AUV deliveries, and Camilla Kiss said the unit has signed 1.7bn Norwegian kroner of AUV contracts in 2026. The Norwegian maker sells into the US market as an established production line.

Elbit Systems

Elbit bought ISE of Vancouver, maker of more than 250 AUVs, on 20 October for a price it called not material. The Israeli group adds an underwater vehicle line to its naval business.

Defense Acquisition Program Administration

DAPA's 179th committee cleared a 591bn won mine-warfare USV programme on 6 November, alongside the Jangbogo-N nuclear submarine. HD Hyundai's Long Beach trial with Anduril shows Korean industry pitching hulls abroad while Seoul funds its own.

Finland National Emergency Supply Agency

NESA opened an €11m competition on 4 November for radiation-sensing drones and ground robots, including quadrupeds, for the EU's rescEU stockpile. It is a civil-protection buyer using open tender, with a decision expected in March 2027.

Written with AI from Lowdown's published reporting. Not individually reviewed by an editor. Editorial standards.