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Milwaukee Riverkeeper
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Milwaukee Riverkeeper

Wisconsin environmental advocacy group that litigated to force the release of Microsoft's Mount Pleasant campus water use data suppressed under a city NDA.

Last refreshed: 7 July 2026 · Appears in 1 active topic

Key Question

Why did it take a lawsuit to learn how much water Microsoft's Wisconsin data centre needs?

Timeline for Milwaukee Riverkeeper

#924 Jun
#331 Mar
#11 Jan

Sued Racine to force release of Microsoft Mount Pleasant community impact data

Data Centres: Boom and Backlash: Microsoft Mount Pleasant: 8M gallons via lawsuit
View full timeline →
Common Questions
How much water does Microsoft's Wisconsin data centre use?
Under the terms of its agreement with Racine County — revealed through Milwaukee Riverkeeper's litigation — Microsoft can draw up to 8 million gallons per day to cool its $3.3 billion Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin campus.Source: Lowdown data-centres briefing
Why was Microsoft's water use in Wisconsin kept secret?
Microsoft cited commercial confidentiality as grounds for withholding the water agreement from public view. Milwaukee Riverkeeper's Freedom of Information litigation forced the release of the terms, revealing the 8 million gallon daily volume.Source: Lowdown data-centres briefing
What is Milwaukee Riverkeeper?
Milwaukee Riverkeeper is a Wisconsin environmental advocacy group in the Waterkeeper Alliance network, focused on water quality in the Milwaukee River basin and the Great Lakes watershed. It litigated to force disclosure of Microsoft's Mount Pleasant water use agreement.Source: Milwaukee Riverkeeper

Background

Milwaukee Riverkeeper is a Wisconsin-based environmental advocacy organisation focused on water quality and water rights in the Milwaukee River basin and wider Great Lakes watershed. It operates within the Waterkeeper Alliance network and has historically concentrated on industrial pollution and shoreline access.

Milwaukee Riverkeeper became a central actor in the Microsoft Mount Pleasant data-centre water disclosure case. Represented by Midwest Environment Advocates, it sued the City of Racine in September 2025 after officials withheld projections of how much Lake Michigan water Microsoft's $3.3-4 billion Mount Pleasant campus would draw; the city released records within days, showing consumption scaling from 2.8 million gallons in 2026 to up to 8.4 million gallons a year at full build-out. The disclosure complicated Microsoft's January 2026 basin-level water-replenishment pledge, since the raw draw figure only became public through the group's litigation. Programme director Cheryl Nenn has argued that open, published water-draw data is essential given Wisconsin's positioning as a water-rich destination for data-centre investment; the group's tactics have since been cited elsewhere in the Great Lakes region as advocates press for the same disclosure from other operators.

More questions
How much water does Microsoft's Mount Pleasant data centre use?
Records released after Milwaukee Riverkeeper's lawsuit show Microsoft's Mount Pleasant campus is projected to draw from 2.8 million gallons a year in 2026 up to 8.4 million gallons a year at full build-out.Source: Milwaukee Riverkeeper
Who forced Microsoft to disclose its data centre water use in Wisconsin?
Milwaukee Riverkeeper, represented by Midwest Environment Advocates, sued the City of Racine, which released the Microsoft Mount Pleasant water-draw records within days.Source: Milwaukee Riverkeeper
Source Material