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Jack S. Hurley Jr.

Virginia 29th-circuit judge in Tazewell County; voided 2026 redistricting referendum void ab initio.

Last refreshed: 19 May 2026 · Appears in 1 active topic

Key Question

Did Hurley's single ruling close every Democratic redistricting path for November 2026?

Timeline for Jack S. Hurley Jr.

#422 Apr

Ruled authorising House bill void ab initio and permanently enjoined certification

US Midterms 2026: Virginia map vote passes, then voided
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Common Questions
Why did Judge Hurley void the Virginia redistricting referendum?
Hurley found the referendum lacked constitutional authority on two grounds: the enabling legislation was not passed in two separate legislative sessions as required, and the ballot wording was "flagrantly misleading" to voters.Source: Newsweek
What happens to Virginia's redistricting after Judge Hurley's ruling?
The case moved to the Virginia Supreme Court, which heard oral arguments on 27 April 2026 but issued no ruling. Virginia's 25 May candidate filing Deadline creates the binding operational Deadline for resolution.Source: Virginia Supreme Court hearing, 27 April 2026
Who is Judge Jack Hurley in Virginia?
Jack S. "Chip" Hurley Jr. is a Circuit Court judge on the 29th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, based in Tazewell County. He was appointed in August 2012 by Governor Bob McDonnell and came to national attention in April 2026 when he voided the Virginia redistricting referendum.Source: Ballotpedia

Background

Judge Jack S. "Chip" Hurley Jr. became a central figure in the 2026 Virginia redistricting dispute when, on 22 April 2026, he ruled the voter-approved redistricting referendum void ab initio, permanently enjoining the Virginia State Board of Elections from certifying the result. Hurley found that the authorising legislation had not been validly approved in two separate legislative sessions as required by the Virginia constitution, and condemned the ballot wording as "flagrantly misleading". The ruling created an immediate operational crisis: with no certified map, the 25 May 2026 candidate filing Deadline became the binding constraint on any appeal.

Hurley sits on the 29th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, based in Tazewell County in the south-west of the state. He was appointed to the Circuit Court in August 2012 by Governor Bob McDonnell (R), having previously served as a General District Court judge in the same region and before that as a prosecutor for the Town of Tazewell and in private practice. He holds a degree from Davidson College and a J.D. from the University of Richmond School of Law, and resides in Bluefield, Virginia.

The Virginia Supreme Court heard oral arguments on 27 April 2026 but issued no ruling and set no timeline, leaving Hurley's injunction in effect and Cook Political Report's downward revision of five Virginia House districts contingent on a map that cannot yet be certified. Whether his strict two-session reading of the Virginia constitution survives appellate review will determine whether Democratic-leaning district lines take effect before the 2026 midterms.

Hurley's 22 April 2026 ruling was the procedural trigger that started the collapse of the Democratic redistricting programme. The Virginia Supreme Court upheld the substance of his analysis in a 4-3 ruling on 8 May 2026 in Scott v. McDougle, finding the legislature had violated the intervening election rule by completing the first of two required votes on the amendment text after approximately 1.3 million ballots had already been cast in the 2025 general election.

With the SCOVA ruling, Hurley's injunction became permanent and the 2021 bipartisan commission maps remain in force for 2026. Cook Political Report's conditional shifts of five Virginia House seats toward Democrats — VA-01, VA-05, VA-07 to SAFE Democrat; VA-06 to Likely Democrat; VA-02 to Lean Democrat — were voided. The ruling closed the last Democratic redistricting track for the 2026 cycle with no federal appeal PATH.

More questions
What does void ab initio mean in the Virginia redistricting case?
Void ab initio means the authorising House bill was invalid from the beginning — as if it never passed. Hurley's finding that the bill was not validly approved in two separate legislative sessions meant the entire referendum rested on a null legal foundation.Source: Virginia court records
When is the Virginia Supreme Court expected to rule on the redistricting appeal?
The Virginia Supreme Court heard oral arguments on 27 April 2026 but issued no ruling and set no timeline. The binding operational Deadline is the 25 May 2026 candidate filing date, by which a final decision must come if new district lines are to apply to the 2026 midterms.Source: CNN
Where is Tazewell County and Bluefield Virginia?
Tazewell County is in south-west Virginia, bordering West Virginia. Bluefield is the largest town straddling the Virginia-West Virginia state line and is where Judge Hurley resides.Source: Ballotpedia
Who is Judge Hurley and what did he rule on the Virginia redistricting referendum?
Judge Jack S. "Chip" Hurley Jr. sits on Virginia's 29th Judicial Circuit. On 22 April 2026 he ruled the redistricting referendum void ab initio, permanently enjoining certification of the result on the grounds the authorising bill was not validly passed across two legislative sessions.Source: Virginia court records
Did the Virginia Supreme Court uphold Hurley's redistricting ruling?
Yes. The Virginia Supreme Court upheld the substance of Hurley's analysis in a 4-3 ruling on 8 May 2026 in Scott v. McDougle, finding the legislature had violated the intervening election rule by completing required votes after 1.3 million ballots had already been cast.Source: SCOVA ruling
What Virginia congressional seats did the redistricting ruling affect?
Cook Political Report had shifted five Virginia House seats toward Democrats contingent on the new map: VA-01, VA-05, VA-07 to SAFE Democrat; VA-06 to Likely Democrat; VA-02 to Lean Democrat. Hurley's ruling, confirmed by SCOVA, voided all five shifts.Source: Cook Political Report