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European Tech Sovereignty
22OCT

France stays the cheaper power leg

3 min read
17:24UTC

France cleared €123.50/MWh on 30 June against a far dearer Germany, an FR-DE spread of €71.50 that held even as EDF curtailed 12% of its nuclear fleet.

TechnologyDeveloping
Key takeaway

French nuclear curtailment cut volume not price, holding the FR-DE spread at €71.50 with France cheaper.

France cleared €123.50/MWh on 30 June while Germany's all-thermal stack cleared far above it, leaving a France-Germany day-ahead spread of €71.50 with Germany the dearer leg⁠1. Going into the heat, desks had watched whether river-temperature curtailment of French nuclear would flip that spread and make France the expensive side. It held the other way.

France runs Europe's largest nuclear fleet, which usually keeps its wholesale power below Germany's gas-and-coal pricing. Heat threatened that edge: warm rivers limit the cooling water reactors can return, forcing operators to throttle. Even so, €71.50 sits below the series records of €93.68 on 3 June and €96.20 on 8 June, so the gap widened without breaking new ground.

France stayed cheaper even as EDF (Électricité de France, the state nuclear utility) deepened curtailments to 12% of the fleet on river-cooling limits, taking Bugey 3 (910 MW) offline and throttling Golfech and Nogent⁠2. The floor held because curtailment removes volume, not the low-cost baseload that sets the French price. The trend that reset France as the cheaper leg on 22 June carried through; the spread inverts only when curtailment strips out enough baseload to push gas to the margin in France too, which 12% of the fleet did not reach.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

France generates most of its electricity from nuclear power stations. These stations cool their reactors by drawing water from rivers like the Garonne, Seine, and Loire. French environmental law prevents the stations from warming those rivers above 28 degrees Celsius (the river discharge limit), so when a river gets that hot in summer, the station must reduce or stop output to prevent overheating the water. On 30 June, EDF, the French state energy company, cut output at three reactors that had reached this river-temperature limit: Bugey 3 on the Rhone (offline at 910 megawatts), Golfech on the Garonne, and Nogent on the Seine (both throttled). That removed 12% of France's total nuclear output. But because the remaining 88% of France's nuclear fleet was still operating cheaply, France's electricity price of €123.50 per megawatt-hour stayed well below Germany's €195, which was set by expensive gas power plants filling the gap left by almost-zero wind. The €71.50 price difference means French industrial buyers paid about a third of what German buyers paid that day.

First Reported In

Update #22 · Germany refills as the autumn cliff nears

Montel News· 30 Jun 2026
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France stays the cheaper power leg
River-temperature cuts to French nuclear trimmed volume but not price, so France stayed the cheaper leg of the FR-DE spread despite the heat.
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