13MAY

Meta makes a third WhatsApp access offer

2 min read

20:00UTC

Meta's third WhatsApp interoperability offer, free to a usage threshold then fees, is under European Commission review; some rival AI assistants remain reachable.

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Key takeaway

Meta's third WhatsApp offer, free to a usage cap then fees, is under Commission review.

Meta submitted a third proposal to the European Commission on opening WhatsApp to rival AI assistants: free access up to a usage threshold, then fees. The Commission is reviewing the offer, and some rival AI chatbots remain technically reachable on WhatsApp under the existing framework.

The Commission had ordered Meta to reopen WhatsApp's interface to rival assistants under Article 102 of the Digital Markets Act in early June , the EU competition rule that bars dominant gatekeepers from locking out competitors. Meta's earlier outright-ban and per-message pricing offers were both rejected, and this freemium model is its latest attempt to meet the mandate while still charging at scale. Whether Brussels accepts it will set how much access a gatekeeper can put behind a paywall.

Deep Analysis

In plain English

WhatsApp, owned by Meta, is the most widely used messaging app in Europe. Under EU law, specifically the Digital Markets Act, Meta is required to allow rival messaging apps and AI assistants to connect to WhatsApp so that users can communicate across different platforms, the way email works across different providers. Meta has now submitted its third attempt at a plan for how this would work. Its latest offer is freemium: rival AI assistants can access WhatsApp's systems for free up to a certain usage level, then pay fees above that threshold. The EU is reviewing whether this actually counts as the open, non-discriminatory access the law requires. Some rival AI chatbots are already technically reachable on WhatsApp, but the question is whether Meta's proposed pricing structure would make it commercially viable for competitors to operate at scale.

What could happen next?

Risk
If the Commission accepts the freemium structure, rival AI assistants operating at scale on WhatsApp will face API costs that Meta's own Llama assistant does not, establishing a structural competitive disadvantage within the DMA's intended interoperability framework.
Precedent
A Commission approval of usage-based API pricing as DMA-compliant interoperability would establish that metered access, not unrestricted access, satisfies the gatekeeper obligation, affecting interoperability negotiations on every other DMA-designated platform.

Source Landscape

This story draws on centre-leaning sources from Belgium

Belgium

LeftRight

Primary parallel: Microsoft's 2001 consent decree with the US Department of Justice required it to share technical protocols with rival software developers through a workgroup that took until 2007 to produce usable terms.

The consent decree produced disclosure without genuine interoperability: Microsoft disclosed APIs at prices and on timelines that rivals found commercially unworkable. Meta's freemium WhatsApp offer follows the same pattern: the form of compliance (published pricing, accessible threshold) without the substance (unrestricted, non-discriminatory access).

Counter-parallel: The EU's Roaming Regulation (2012-2017) achieved genuine interoperability between mobile networks by setting maximum per-unit charges through a legislative instrument, not through voluntary offers from operators. The DMA relies on negotiated compliance proposals rather than legislated price caps, making the Meta freemium pattern structurally harder to close than a roaming-style price intervention.

WhatsApp's Business API is a multi-billion-dollar revenue line for Meta; unrestricted free rival access would cannibalise messaging revenue by allowing third-party AI assistants to handle customer service interactions that Meta's own Llama-based assistant would otherwise serve. The freemium threshold is a commercial architecture designed to make Meta's own AI assistant competitive at any scale that rivals would find commercially viable.

For European AI assistant developers, the threshold structure creates a pricing-in-between problem: they cannot price competitively against Llama on WhatsApp if their API costs rise with scale, while Meta's own assistant pays nothing for the same access. Copenhagen Economics' digital market studies have documented this access-pricing dynamic in adjacent platform markets as a form of self-preferencing that DMA Article 6(5) is specifically intended to prevent.

Sources:Bruegel

Mentions:Meta →WhatsApp →European Commission →Digital Markets Act →Brussels →Department of Justice →Microsoft →

First Reported In

Update #10 · Digital euro to trilogue; Senate bars CBDC

Bruegel· 30 Jun 2026

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Causes and effects

Caused by

Brussels used antitrust to reopen WhatsApp

Meta's third WhatsApp interoperability proposal is a direct response to the Commission's June order to reopen the API to rival AI assistants.

Occurred 9 Jun 2026

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This Event

Meta makes a third WhatsApp access offer

Meta's freemium WhatsApp offer tests how far a DMA gatekeeper can charge rivals for the interoperability it is ordered to grant.

Different Perspectives

Turkey

Turkey, a major buyer of Russian diesel cargoes, loses that access under Moscow's first producer-binding export ban, in force from 8 July to 31 July. Ankara hosted the same week's NATO summit pledging EUR 70bn to Ukraine, sitting on both sides of the fuel-and-alliance ledger.

NATO

NATO leaders meeting in Ankara on 7 and 8 July pledged EUR 70bn in equipment, assistance and training for Ukraine across 2026, with a 2027 sustainment commitment and a $40bn Drone Edge counter-drone initiative. European allies now fund the vast majority of that package, filling the gap left by Washington's idled crude waiver.

India

India's state refiners continued buying discounted Urals crude as June's price fell to $63.18 a barrel, insulating New Delhi from the OFAC waiver gap still constraining Western buyers. Indian refiners could pick up diesel-export share as Russia's producer-binding ban shuts out its former customers.

China

China's independent refiners kept importing discounted Urals crude through June as the price fell to $63.18 a barrel, down 26% month-on-month per CREA. Beijing has said nothing on Moscow's new diesel ban, leaving Chinese refiners a likely beneficiary if Turkish and Brazilian buyers seek replacement cargoes.

United States

No successor licence has been issued since General License 134C lapsed on 17 June, leaving a 26-day gap, the longest of the war, in the Russian crude waiver. Washington's silence is tightening the channel without any stated decision, as Treasury weighs whether to let it die.

Ukraine

Ukraine's long-range strike campaign shifted from refineries to seaborne fuel tankers crossing the Sea of Azov, cutting tracked vessel traffic 55% between 30 June and 11 July, per Starboard Maritime Intelligence. The shift targets Russia's export revenue directly rather than just domestic supply, adding pressure alongside the collapsing Urals price.