Legislation
465 entities tracked across Lowdown briefings. Page 3 of 8.
Enterprise Investment Scheme
UK tax-relief scheme encouraging individual investment in qualifying unlisted companies.
UK tax-relief scheme encouraging individual investment in qualifying unlisted companies.
Enterprise Management IncentivesUK tax-advantaged share-option scheme; April 2026 reform unlocked ~£100m/year for ~1,800 scaleups.
UK tax-advantaged share-option scheme; April 2026 reform unlocked ~£100m/year for ~1,800 scaleups.
Entry/Exit SystemEU digital border-crossing registration system logging non-EU national entries and exits biometrically from April 2026.
E.O. 13224
US counterterrorism executive order of 23 September 2001, blocking property of persons supporting terrorism.
US counterterrorism executive order of 23 September 2001, blocking property of persons supporting terrorism.
EO 14380Trump's Jan 2026 Cuba fuel-sanctions order; distinct from EO 14404's personal-designation track.
Trump's Jan 2026 Cuba fuel-sanctions order; distinct from EO 14404's personal-designation track.
EO 14404Trump executive order (May 2026) authorising personal SDN designations against named Cuban officials and their relatives.
Trump executive order (May 2026) authorising personal SDN designations against named Cuban officials and their relatives.
Equality Act 2010Great Britain's main anti-discrimination law, protecting nine characteristics across work and services.
Great Britain's main anti-discrimination law, protecting nine characteristics across work and services.
ETIASThe EU's paid pre-travel clearance scheme for visa-exempt visitors, set at €20 and expected to take effect in the last quarter of 2026.
EU 20th sanctions packageEU sanctions package adopted 23 April 2026; added 46 shadow-fleet vessels and set legal basis for maritime services ban.
EU 21st sanctions packageEU 21st Russia sanctions round targeting shadow-fleet tonnage and carry costs, announced May 2026.
EU 22nd sanctions packageEU's 22nd package of sanctions against Russia, adopted October 2026.
EU AI ActEU's first comprehensive AI risk-tier law; GPAI enforcement begins 2 August 2026.
EU Chips ActEU law committing €43bn to double Europe's chip production to 20% global share by 2030.
EU Common Position 2008/944/CFSPEU arms export control framework requiring denial of licences that could aggravate armed conflicts.
EU Emissions Trading System
The EU's cap-and-trade carbon market; covers power, industry, aviation, and shipping across 27 member states.
The EU's cap-and-trade carbon market; covers power, industry, aviation, and shipping across 27 member states.
EU Federated Integrated Air and Missile DefenceEU joint project federating member states' air and missile defence and early warning.
EU Methane Regulation
EU energy-sector methane rule; Commission recommended delaying import penalties three years in July 2026.
EU energy-sector methane rule; Commission recommended delaying import penalties three years in July 2026.EUR 90 billion Ukraine loanEU €90 billion 18-month loan to Ukraine, passed March 2026 after Hungary lifted its veto.
EU Regulation 2024/1028EU law mandating STR host registration and monthly data sharing; applied from 20 May 2026 with fragmented member-state compliance.
EU law mandating STR host registration and monthly data sharing; applied from 20 May 2026 with fragmented member-state compliance.
EU Regulation 269/2014EU regulation behind asset freezes on named people; renewed in 2026 to September 2029.
EU regulation behind asset freezes on named people; renewed in 2026 to September 2029.
EU Regulation 833/2014EU's foundational Russia sanctions law; also bars European refiners from buying Iranian crude.
EU's foundational Russia sanctions law; also bars European refiners from buying Iranian crude.
European Affordable Housing ActEU Regulation proposed 9 September 2026 setting when authorities may restrict short lets.
EU Regulation proposed 9 September 2026 setting when authorities may restrict short lets.
European Convention on Human Rights1950 Council of Europe treaty on civil and political rights; Article 7 bars retrospective offences.
1950 Council of Europe treaty on civil and political rights; Article 7 bars retrospective offences.
European Defence Industry ProgrammeEU regulation and €1.5bn fund for joint defence production, procurement and Ukraine's arms industry, 2025-2027.
EU SPACE defence projectEU joint defence project for military space capabilities, from missile early warning to satellite communications.
Executive Decree 16/2026 (Panama)
Panamanian decree of 31 August 2026 adding Ecuador to the Friendly Nations residence list.
Panamanian decree of 31 August 2026 adding Ecuador to the Friendly Nations residence list.
Executive Decree 17/2026 (Panama)Panamanian decree on qualified-investor residence.
Panamanian decree on qualified-investor residence.
Executive Order 13382US presidential executive order authorising sanctions against weapons-of-mass-destruction proliferators and their supporters.
US presidential executive order authorising sanctions against weapons-of-mass-destruction proliferators and their supporters.
Executive Order 13846August 2018 US Executive Order restoring OFAC secondary sanctions on Iran's energy and financial sectors after the US withdrawal from the JCPOA.
August 2018 US Executive Order restoring OFAC secondary sanctions on Iran's energy and financial sectors after the US withdrawal from the JCPOA.
Executive Order 13902US order sanctioning Iran's construction, manufacturing, textiles and mining sectors.
US order sanctioning Iran's construction, manufacturing, textiles and mining sectors.
Executive Order 13949US presidential order blocking property of those trading conventional arms with Iran.
Executive order of 16 October 2026 on Graham Act tariffsTrump's 16 October 2026 order setting the Graham Act's Russia duties, then waiving them.
Trump's 16 October 2026 order setting the Graham Act's Russia duties, then waiving them.
F-1-D
South Korea's workation digital-nomad visa, made permanent 30 June 2026 with regional income discounts.
South Korea's workation digital-nomad visa, made permanent 30 June 2026 with regional income discounts.
FAA Part 108Proposed US BVLOS drone rule; spring 2026 deadline missed, blocked by contested right-of-way provision.
Proposed US BVLOS drone rule; spring 2026 deadline missed, blocked by contested right-of-way provision.
Fair Districts amendmentsFlorida constitutional ban on partisan gerrymandering; left unenforced for 2026 after the Supreme Court declined jurisdiction.
FAQ 1224OFAC guidance setting the conditions for licensing a Lukoil International GmbH sale.
OFAC guidance setting the conditions for licensing a Lukoil International GmbH sale.
FAQ 1258OFAC Frequently Asked Question 1258, issued 4 June 2026, extending secondary-sanctions exposure to any company 50 per cent or more owned by GAESA, MININT or MINFAR, even when that company does not appear on a published list.
OFAC Frequently Asked Question 1258, issued 4 June 2026, extending secondary-sanctions exposure to any company 50 per cent or more owned by GAESA, MININT or MINFAR, even when that company does not appear on a published list.
FAQ 1262OFAC guidance giving GECOMEX and GEMAR a 30-day sanctions wind-down window while staying silent on Cuba's Tourism Ministry.
FAQ 1271OFAC guidance applying Cuba's indirect-dealing ban to 18 general licences.
OFAC guidance applying Cuba's indirect-dealing ban to 18 general licences.
FAR 52.240-1US procurement rule banning ASDA-covered foreign drones from all federal contracts.
US procurement rule banning ASDA-covered foreign drones from all federal contracts.
FARAThe Foreign Agents Registration Act, a US federal law requiring agents of foreign governments to register their activities with the Department of Justice.
The Foreign Agents Registration Act, a US federal law requiring agents of foreign governments to register their activities with the Department of Justice.
FECA1971 US statute governing federal campaign finance; its coordinated-spending caps were struck down in 2026.
1971 US statute governing federal campaign finance; its coordinated-spending caps were struck down in 2026.
Federal Acquisition RegulationUS federal procurement regulation governing government contracts; clause 52.240-1 bars Chinese-manufactured drones from all federal contracts.
US federal procurement regulation governing government contracts; clause 52.240-1 bars Chinese-manufactured drones from all federal contracts.
Federal Immission Control Act
Germany's 1974 federal law controlling air pollution, noise and vibration, and licensing polluting installations.
Germany's 1974 federal law controlling air pollution, noise and vibration, and licensing polluting installations.
Federal Law No. 127-FZ
Russia's 2018 law on counter-measures to unfriendly actions by the US and others.
Russia's 2018 law on counter-measures to unfriendly actions by the US and others.
FERC Docket RM26-4-000FERC rulemaking to standardise how new US electricity loads above 20 MW connect to the interstate transmission grid; decision due June 2026.
FERC rulemaking to standardise how new US electricity loads above 20 MW connect to the interstate transmission grid; decision due June 2026.
Fifth AmendmentUS constitutional takings clause; central doctrine behind data-centre moratorium lawsuits challenging property seizure.
US constitutional takings clause; central doctrine behind data-centre moratorium lawsuits challenging property seizure.
Foreign Subsidies RegulationEU regulation policing state-backed financing of acquisitions operating in the bloc.
Form 10-KSEC annual filing containing business disclosures, risk factors and audited financial statements.
SEC annual filing containing business disclosures, risk factors and audited financial statements.
Form 8-KSEC current-report form; Item 1.05 requires cybersecurity-incident disclosure within four business days of materiality.
SEC current-report form; Item 1.05 requires cybersecurity-incident disclosure within four business days of materiality.
Freedom of Information ActUS federal law, signed in 1966, giving the public a right to request agency records.
US federal law, signed in 1966, giving the public a right to request agency records.
Friendly Nations residence regime (Panama)Panama's permanent-residence route reserved for nationals of a listed group of friendly countries.
Panama's permanent-residence route reserved for nationals of a listed group of friendly countries.
Fuero Nuevo
Navarra's compilation of foral civil law, which lifted room rentals out of Spain's national tenancy act in 2019.
Navarra's compilation of foral civil law, which lifted room rentals out of Spain's national tenancy act in 2019.
FY2027 NASA budget proposalWhite House FY2027 NASA budget: .8bn total, Artemis +10%, science -47%.
Gas and Biomethane MechanismProposed EU joint procurement tool for gas and biomethane, on the Madrid Forum 2026 agenda.
GasspeicherfüllstandsverordnungGermany's own gas-storage ordinance: 80% by 1 November, independent of the EU's separate 90% target.
Germany's own gas-storage ordinance: 80% by 1 November, independent of the EU's separate 90% target.
Gazzetta Ufficiale
Italy's official government gazette, in which laws, decrees and regulations are formally published to take legal effect.
Italy's official government gazette, in which laws, decrees and regulations are formally published to take legal effect.
GDPREU data protection regulation that sets rights over personal data and imposes global compliance obligations.
EU data protection regulation that sets rights over personal data and imposes global compliance obligations.GDPR Article 32Article 32 of the General Data Protection Regulation, which requires controllers and processors to implement appropriate technical and organisational security measures.
Article 32 of the General Data Protection Regulation, which requires controllers and processors to implement appropriate technical and organisational security measures.
General Licence 13RLow-materiality OFAC administrative carve-out under EO 14024 Directive 4, issued 8 July 2026.
Low-materiality OFAC administrative carve-out under EO 14024 Directive 4, issued 8 July 2026.