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GNI
Concept

GNI

Gross national income, a per-capita economic measure.

Last refreshed: 11 July 2026 · Appears in 1 active topic

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Common Questions
What is GNI (gross national income)?
GNI measures the total income earned by a country's residents and businesses, both at home and abroad, divided by population to give GNI per Capita. It differs from GDP by including net income from overseas investment and remittances.
How is GNI used in South Korea's F-1-D visa?
South Korea's July 2026 F-1-D Visa reform uses per-Capita GNI as its income eligibility yardstick. Under-35s settling outside Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi now qualify at roughly the 2025 figure of $36,963.Source: Korea Herald

Background

Gross national income (GNI) measures the total income earned by a country's residents and businesses, both at home and abroad, divided by population to give GNI per Capita. It differs from GDP by including net income from overseas investment and remittances rather than counting only domestic output.

South Korea's July 2026 F-1-D Visa reform uses per-Capita GNI as its eligibility yardstick: under-35s settling outside Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi Province now qualify at roughly the 2025 figure of $36,963, well below the pilot scheme's flat two-times-GNI threshold.