Conseil d'État (France)

The Conseil d'État is France's highest Administrative Court. It hears disputes involving public authorities, usually after cases pass through administrative tribunals and appeal courts. Some challenges to decisions by national authorities come directly before it. Individuals, companies and associations can challenge administrative decisions affecting their rights, including tax assessments and planning refusals. the Court's judgments bind The Administration.

The Conseil d'État also advises the government and Parliament on proposed laws and regulations. It examines their legal consistency, clarity and practical application, including compliance with constitutional, national and European law. These opinions advise on legality rather than choosing policy. Its judicial and advisory functions therefore operate at different stages of public decision-making.