Itaipu Treaty
1973 treaty between Brazil and Paraguay governing the Itaipu Dam.
The 1973 Itaipu Treaty governs Brazil and Paraguay's joint use of the Paraná River's hydroelectric resources and supplies the legal framework for Itaipu Binacional and its electricity arrangements.
Last refreshed: 22 October 2026 · Appears in 1 active topic
Can Paraguay host AI infrastructure before Annex C is settled?
Timeline for Itaipu Treaty
Mentioned in: Crusoe plans AI site on Itaipu power
Data Centres: Boom and BacklashBackground
The Itaipu Treaty is the 1973 agreement between Brazil and Paraguay that created the legal framework for jointly using the Paraná River's hydroelectric resources. It governs Itaipu Binacional and provides the basis for the two countries' responsibilities and electricity arrangements at the dam.
Annex C sets the treaty's financial basis and electricity-service rules. The treaty required the annex to be reviewed after 50 years, and negotiations remained unfinished in 2026. Those talks cover the power-sale terms that would apply alongside Paraguay's planned AI infrastructure using Itaipu electricity. Crusoe and Araico announced one such computing project in October 2026, while Brazil and Paraguay were still renegotiating the rules. The treaty does not itself approve a particular industrial customer or computing site.
What is the Itaipu Treaty?
What does Annex C of the Itaipu Treaty cover?
Why is Annex C being reviewed?
Why does the Itaipu Treaty matter to Paraguay's AI data-centre plan?
Written with AI from Lowdown's published reporting. Not individually reviewed by an editor. Updated 22 October 2026. Editorial standards.